


Simple implementation of sorting and deduplication of large files
有一道校招生的面试题,是要给一个很大的文件(不能全部放内存,比如1T)按行来排序和去重。
一种简单解决方案就是分而治之,先打大文件分词大小均匀的若干个小文件,然后对小文件排好序,最后再Merge所有的小文件,在Merge的过程中去掉重复的内容。
在Linux下实现这个逻辑甚至不用自己写代码,只要用shell内置的一些命令: split, sort就足够了。我们把这个流程用脚本串起来,写到shell脚本文件里。文件名叫sort_uniq.sh.
#!/bin/bash lines=$(wc -l $1 | sed 's/ .*//g') lines_per_file=`expr $lines / 20` split -d -l $lines_per_file $1 __part_$1 for file in __part_* do { sort $file > sort_$file } & done wait sort -smu sort_* > $2 rm -f __part_* rm -f sort_*
使用方法:./sort_uniq.sh file_to_be_sort file_sorted
这段代码把大文件分词20或21个小文件,后台并行排序各个小文件,最后合并结果并去重。
如果只要去重,不需要排序,还有另外一种思路:对文件的每一行计算hash值,按照hash值把该行内容放到某个小文件中,假设需要分词100个小文件,则可以按照(hash % 100)来分发文件内容,然后在小文件中实现去重就可以了。
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