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linux The way to list all files and subdirectories in a folder is to use: ls command.
ls [选项] [目录名]
ls command usage example:
Example 1: List the details of all files and directories under the /home folder:
ls -l -R /home
There must be a dash "-" before the command parameter. The above command can also be written like this:
ls -lR /home/pythontab
Example 2: List the detailed contents of all directories starting with "t" in the current directory , you can use the following command:
ls -l t*
If you omit the command parameters and operation objects and enter "ls" directly, the contents of the current working directory will be listed.
Example 3: List only the folders in the directory
ls -F /home |grep /$
Output:
[root@localhost opt]# ls -F /opt/soft |grep /$ jdk1.6.0_16/ subversion-1.6.1/ tomcat6.0.32/
Example 4: List all files in the current working directory whose names begin with s, After the latest troubleshooting, you can use the following command:
ls -ltr s*
Example 5: List all files and directories in the current working directory; add "/" after the name of the directory, and add "" after the name of the executable file *"
ls -AF
Output:
[root@localhost opt]# ls -AF log/ script/ soft/ src/ svndata/ web/
Example 6: Calculate the number of files and directories in the current directory
ls -l * |grep "^-"|wc -l ---文件个数 ls -l * |grep "^d"|wc -l ---目录个数
Example 7: List the absolute paths of files in ls
ls | sed "s:^:`pwd`/:"
Output:
[root@localhost opt]# ls | sed "s:^:`pwd`/:" /opt/log /opt/script /opt/soft /opt/src /opt/svndata /opt/web
Example 9: List the absolute paths of all files (including hidden files) in the current directory, without recursion on the directory
find $PWD -maxdepth 1 | xargs ls -ld
Output:
[root@localhost opt]# find $PWD -maxdepth 1 | xargs ls -ld drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 10-11 03:43 /opt drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2012-03-08 /opt/log drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2012-03-08 /opt/script drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 10-11 03:21 /opt/soft drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2012-03-08 /opt/src drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 10-11 05:22 /opt/svndata drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 10-09 00:45 /opt/web
Example 10: Recursively list the absolute paths of all files (including hidden files) in the current directory
find $PWD | xargs ls -ld
Example 11: Specify the file time output format
ls -tl --time-style=full-iso
-a, –all lists all files in the directory, including implicit files starting with .
-A is the same as -a, but does not list "." (indicates the current directory) and ".." (indicates the parent directory of the current directory).
-c With -lt: Sort by ctime and display ctime (the time when the file status was last changed) With -l: Display ctime but sort by name Otherwise: Sort by ctime
-C Every The columns list items from top to bottom
–color[=WHEN] controls whether to use color resolution files. WHEN can be one of 'never', 'always' or 'auto'
-d, –directory displays the directory as a file, rather than displaying the files under it.
-D, –dired produces results suitable for the dired mode of Emacs
-f does not sort the output files, the -aU option is effective, and the -lst option is invalid
-g is like -l, but does not list the owner
-G, –no-group does not list any information about the group
-h, –human-readable for easy understanding The format lists the file size (for example, 1K 234M 2G)
-si is similar to -h, but the file size is taken to the power of 1000 instead of 1024
-H, –dereference-command-line Use the real destination indicated by a symbolic link in the command line
–indicator-style=Mode specifies an indicator after each project name1e919c7f966b032367fea8e489f3dba0: none (default), classify (-F ), file-type (-p)
-i, –inode prints out the inode number of each file
-I, –ignore= style does not print out any wildcard characters that match the shell The item
-k of 1c2c742169d7b9c78be48923999b6fc0 is –block-size=1K, which represents the file size in k bytes.
-l In addition to the file name, the file's permissions, owner, file size and other information are also listed in detail.
-L, –dereference When displaying the file information of a symbolic link, display the object indicated by the symbolic link rather than the information of the symbolic link itself
-m All items are separated by commas and filled in Full line width
-o Similar to -l, displays detailed information of the file except group information.
-r, –reverse Sort in reverse order
-R, –recursive List all subdirectory levels at the same time
-s, –size Column in block size Out the size of all files
-S Sort by file size
–sort=WORD The following are the available WORDs and the corresponding options they represent:
-t Sort by file Modify time sorting
-u Cooperate with -lt: Display access time and sort by access time
Cooperate with -l: Display access time but sort by name
Otherwise: According to access time Sort by time
-U No sorting; list items in the original order of the file system
-v Sort by version
-w, –width=COLS Automatic Specify screen width instead of using current value
-x List items line by line instead of column by column
-X Sort by extension
-1 Only items per line List a file
-help Display this help message and leave
-version Display version information and leave
Display color directory listing configuration method, Open /etc/bashrc , add the following line:
alias ls="ls --color"
The next time you start bash, you can display a colored directory list like in Slackware, where the meaning of the colors is as follows :
1. Blue-->Directory
2. Green-->executable file
3. Red-->Compressed file
4. Light blue-->Linked files
5. Gray-->Other files
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