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File archiving command tar, file archiving has many benefits, it is easy to use and easy to manage. Next, I will share with you the archiving and compression commands of Linux files through this article. Friends who are interested should take a look.
1. File archiving command tar
Benefits of archiving:
Convenient to use, query, and read
Easy to manage (deleting files in batches)
Why compression
If transmitted directly, it will occupy a large amount of traffic bandwidth, resulting in slow access to the company's intranet.
Transmission Pre-compression –→Decompression after transmission
Benefits of file compression
Save hard disk resources.
Accelerate the speed of file transfer
Use Command: tar
Function: Packing and compressing files; a tar file is a collection of several files and/or directories in a folder. Is the best tool for creating backups and archives
[root@xuegod72 ~]# tar –help [root@xuegod72 ~]# tar -cf archive.tar foo bar #将 foo bar 文件打包 成.tar [root@xuegod72 ~]# tar -tvf archive.tar #列出 tar中的所有文件 [root@xuegod72 ~]# tar -xf archive.tar #提前或者释放 tar中的文件
Packaging
Syntax: tar [parameter] Package name target file/directory
Parameters:
-c create create file
-x decompress and restore file
-v display execution details
-f specifies the backup file
-t lists the contents of the backup file
-P (uppercase) When using an absolute path, do not remove the root sign before the file name,
-C (uppercase) Specify the decompression location
-z Compress by gzip
-j Decompress by bzip2
Note: When starting the name of the package, the suffix should be added according to the type you want to compress. Suffix
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# tar -cvf grub2.tar /boot/grub2/ – Archive
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# tar -tvf grub2.tar|more – View the archive File
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# tar -cvfP grub2.tar /boot/grub2/ – archive root directory (dangerous, the root directory may be overwritten after decompression)
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# tar -xvf grub2 .tar -C /usr/src/ – Extract and release -C specify the location
In Linux, how do you distinguish the type and suffix of the file
For example, sh script aa
file command, check the file type
Linux is not as strict about file extensions as Windows requires, so when using Linux In the process, we often encounter some files that have no extension at all. So how should we judge whether a file without extension is a file or a directory?
Function: Determine the file type
Syntax: file file name
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# file grub2.tar [root@xuegod72 mnt]# file /etc/init.d/nginx
file file type
file size
Compare file size:
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# du -sh /boot/grub2/ [root@xuegod72 mnt]# ll -h /boot/grub2/
2. Linux file compression
Compression Tools: gzip bzip2 zip tar
3.1 Compression format
Common compression formats: gz, bz2, xz, zip, Z
format (file name format): .tar.gz or .tgz
Syntax format: tar zcvf newfile.tar.gz SOURCE
tar.gz format
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# tar zcf grub2.tar.gz /boot/grub2 #打包压缩 [root@xuegod72 mnt]# tar zxf grub2.tar.gz #解压
tar.bz2 format
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# tar jcf grub2.tar.gz /boot/grub2 #打包压缩 [root@xuegod72 mnt]# tar jxf grub2.tar.gz #解压
rar format
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# rar a grub2.rar /boot/grub2 #打包压缩 [root@xuegod72 mnt]# rar x grub2.tar.gz #解压
zip format
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# zip -r grub2.zip /boot/grub2 #打包压缩 [root@xuegod72 mnt]# unzip grub2.tar.gz -d /tmp #解压
gzip format
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# gzip grub2.tar #打包压缩 [root@xuegod72 mnt]# gzip -d grub2.tar.gz #解压
bzip2 format
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# bzip2 -k grub2.tar #打包压缩 [root@xuegod72 mnt]# bzip2 -d grub2.tar.bz2 #解压
xz format
[root@xuegod72 mnt]# xz -zk grub2.tar #打包压缩 [root@xuegod72 mnt]# unxz -dk grub2.tar.xz #解压
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