An example analysis on how spring integrates mybatis to realize the separation of reading and writing of mysql database

This article introduces spring to integrate mybatis to realize the separation of reading and writing of mysql database through example code. Friends who need it can refer to it

Preface

After the number of users of the website reaches a certain scale, the database becomes the bottleneck of the website due to excessive load pressure. Fortunately, most of the current mainstream databases provide master-slave hot standby function. By configuring the master-slave relationship between two databases, the data updates of one database can be synchronized to the other server. The website uses this function of the database to realize the separation of database reading and writing, thereby improving the database load pressure. As shown in the figure below:

When the application server writes data, it accesses the master database. The master database synchronizes data updates to the slave database through the master-slave replication mechanism, so that when the application When the server reads data, it can obtain the data from the database. In order to facilitate application programs to access the read-write separated database, a special database access module is usually used in the application server to make the database read-write separation transparent to the application.

This blog is to implement a "specialized database access module" to make the separation of database reading and writing transparent to the application. In addition, for the master-slave replication of the mysql database, you can refer to my installation and master-slave replication of mysql5.7.18. Note that only when the database implements master-slave replication can the database read and write be separated. Therefore, if you do not implement database master-slave replication, remember to implement the database's master-slave replication first.

Configure reading and writing Data source (master-slave database)

##        

mysqldb.properties

##

#主数据库数据源
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.4:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
jdbc.initialSize=1
jdbc.minIdle=1
jdbc.maxActive=20
jdbc.maxWait=60000
jdbc.removeAbandoned=true
jdbc.removeAbandonedTimeout=180
jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
jdbc.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
jdbc.validationQuery=SELECT 1
jdbc.testWhileIdle=true
jdbc.testOnBorrow=false
jdbc.testOnReturn=false
#从数据库数据源
slave.jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
slave.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.221:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
slave.jdbc.username=root
slave.jdbc.password=123456
slave.jdbc.initialSize=1
slave.jdbc.minIdle=1
slave.jdbc.maxActive=20
slave.jdbc.maxWait=60000
slave.jdbc.removeAbandoned=true
slave.jdbc.removeAbandonedTimeout=180
slave.jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
slave.jdbc.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
slave.jdbc.validationQuery=SELECT 1
slave.jdbc.testWhileIdle=true
slave.jdbc.testOnBorrow=false
slave.jdbc.testOnReturn=false

Addresses of the master and slave databases Remember to change it to your own, the account number and password also need to be changed to your own; for other configuration items, you can set them yourself as appropriate

mybatis-spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
  <!-- master数据源 -->
  <bean id="masterDataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
    <!-- 基本属性 url、user、password --> 
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> 
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> 
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> 
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> 
    <property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}" /> 
    <property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}" />  
    <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}" /> 
    <property name="maxWait" value="${jdbc.maxWait}" />
    <!-- 超过时间限制是否回收 -->
    <property name="removeAbandoned" value="${jdbc.removeAbandoned}" />
    <!-- 超过时间限制多长； -->
    <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="${jdbc.removeAbandonedTimeout}" />
    <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->
    <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" />
    <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->
    <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${jdbc.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" />
    <!-- 用来检测连接是否有效的sql，要求是一个查询语句-->
    <property name="validationQuery" value="${jdbc.validationQuery}" />
    <!-- 申请连接的时候检测 -->
    <property name="testWhileIdle" value="${jdbc.testWhileIdle}" />
    <!-- 申请连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效，配置为true会降低性能 -->
    <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${jdbc.testOnBorrow}" />
    <!-- 归还连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效，配置为true会降低性能 -->
    <property name="testOnReturn" value="${jdbc.testOnReturn}" />
  </bean>
  <!-- slave数据源 -->
  <bean id="slaveDataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${slave.jdbc.driverClassName}" /> 
    <property name="url" value="${slave.jdbc.url}" /> 
    <property name="username" value="${slave.jdbc.username}" /> 
    <property name="password" value="${slave.jdbc.password}" /> 
    <property name="initialSize" value="${slave.jdbc.initialSize}" /> 
    <property name="minIdle" value="${slave.jdbc.minIdle}" />  
    <property name="maxActive" value="${slave.jdbc.maxActive}" /> 
    <property name="maxWait" value="${slave.jdbc.maxWait}" />
    <property name="removeAbandoned" value="${slave.jdbc.removeAbandoned}" />
    <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="${slave.jdbc.removeAbandonedTimeout}" />
    <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${slave.jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" />
    <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${slave.jdbc.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" />
    <property name="validationQuery" value="${slave.jdbc.validationQuery}" />
    <property name="testWhileIdle" value="${slave.jdbc.testWhileIdle}" />
    <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${slave.jdbc.testOnBorrow}" />
    <property name="testOnReturn" value="${slave.jdbc.testOnReturn}" />
  </bean>
  <!-- 动态数据源，根据service接口上的注解来决定取哪个数据源 -->
  <bean id="dataSource" class="com.yzb.util.DynamicDataSource"> 
    <property name="targetDataSources">   
     <map key-type="java.lang.String">   
       <!-- write or slave -->  
       <entry key="slave" value-ref="slaveDataSource"/>   
       <!-- read or master  --> 
       <entry key="master" value-ref="masterDataSource"/>   
     </map>        
    </property>  
    <property name="defaultTargetDataSource" ref="masterDataSource"/>   
  </bean>
  <!-- Mybatis文件 -->
  <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" /> 
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <!-- 映射文件路径 -->
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:dbmappers/*.xml" />
  </bean>
  <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.yzb.dao" />
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
  </bean>
  <!-- 事务管理器 -->
  <bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
  </bean>
  <!-- 声明式开启 -->
  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true" order="1"/>
  <!-- 为业务逻辑层的方法解析@DataSource注解 为当前线程的HandleDataSource注入数据源 -->  
  <bean id="dataSourceAspect" class="com.yzb.util.DataSourceAspect" />  
  <aop:config proxy-target-class="true">  
    <aop:aspect id="dataSourceAspect" ref="dataSourceAspect" order="2">  
      <aop:pointcut id="tx" expression="execution(* com.yzb.service.impl..*.*(..)) "/>  
      <aop:before pointcut-ref="tx" method="before" />        
    </aop:aspect>  
  </aop:config>
</beans>

AOP implements dynamic switching of data sources

DataSource.java

package com.yzb.util;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/** 
 * RUNTIME 
 * 编译器将把注释记录在类文件中，在运行时 VM 将保留注释，因此可以反射性地读取。 
 * 
 */ 
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) 
@Target(ElementType.METHOD) 
public @interface DataSource
{
  String value();
}

DataSourceAspect.java

package com.yzb.util;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
public class DataSourceAspect
{
  /**
   * 在dao层方法获取datasource对象之前，在切面中指定当前线程数据源
   */
  public void before(JoinPoint point)
  {
    Object target = point.getTarget();
    String method = point.getSignature().getName();
    Class<?>[] classz = target.getClass().getInterfaces();            // 获取目标类的接口， 所以@DataSource需要写在接口上
    Class<?>[] parameterTypes = ((MethodSignature) point.getSignature())
        .getMethod().getParameterTypes();
    try
    {
      Method m = classz[0].getMethod(method, parameterTypes);
      if (m != null && m.isAnnotationPresent(DataSource.class))
      {
        DataSource data = m.getAnnotation(DataSource.class);
        System.out.println("用户选择数据库库类型：" + data.value());
        HandleDataSource.putDataSource(data.value());            // 数据源放到当前线程中
      }
    } catch (Exception e)
    {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
  }

DynamicDataSource.java

package com.yzb.util;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;
public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource
{
  /**
   * 获取与数据源相关的key 此key是Map<String,DataSource> resolvedDataSources 中与数据源绑定的key值
   * 在通过determineTargetDataSource获取目标数据源时使用
   */
  @Override
  protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey()
  {
    return HandleDataSource.getDataSource();
  }
}

HandleDataSource.java

##

package com.yzb.util;
public class HandleDataSource
{
  public static final ThreadLocal<String> holder = new ThreadLocal<String>();
  /**
   * 绑定当前线程数据源
   * 
   * @param key
   */
  public static void putDataSource(String datasource)
  {
    holder.set(datasource);
  }
  /**
   * 获取当前线程的数据源
   * 
   * @return
   */
  public static String getDataSource()
  {
    return holder.get();
  }
}

Apply @DataSource on the service interface to implement the data source Specification

package com.yzb.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.yzb.model.Person;
import com.yzb.util.DataSource;
public interface IPersonService {
  /**
   * 加载全部的person
   * @return
   */
  List<Person> listAllPerson();
  /**
   * 查询某个人的信息
   * @param personId
   * @return
   */
  @DataSource("slave")      // 指定使用从数据源
  Person getPerson(int personId);
  boolean updatePerson(Person person);
}

Notes

When testing, how do you know what is being read from? Database? We can modify the value of a certain field of the record queried from the database to distinguish the master and slave databases;

Transactions need to be noted and try to ensure that transactions are conducted on one data source;

When there are multiple aops on a service, you need to pay attention to the order of aop weaving, and use the order keyword to control the weaving order;

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