Detailed explanation of non-greedy and multi-line matching functions of regular expressions in Python

This article mainly introduces the non-greedy and multi-line matching functions of Python regular expressions. It analyzes the implementation methods and related precautions of the non-greedy and multi-line matching functions of Python regular expressions in the form of examples. Friends who need it can Refer to the following

The example of this article describes the non-greedy and multi-line matching function of Python regular expressions. Share it with everyone for your reference, the details are as follows:

Some regular tips:

1 Non-greedy flag

>>> re.findall(r"a(\d+?)","a23b") # 非贪婪模式
    ['2']
>>> re.findall(r"a(\d+)","a23b")
    ['23']

Pay attention to comparing this situation:

>>> re.findall(r"a(\d+)b","a23b")
    ['23']
>>> re.findall(r"a(\d+?)b","a23b") #如果前后均有限定条件，则非匹配模式失效
    ['23']

2 If you want to match multiple lines, add the re.S and re.M flags

re.S: . will match newline characters. By default, commas will not match newline characters.

>>> re.findall(r"a(\d+)b.+a(\d+)b","a23b\na34b")
    []
>>> re.findall(r"a(\d+)b.+a(\d+)b","a23b\na34b",re.S)
    [('23','34')]
>>>

re.M: The ^$ mark will match every line. By default, ^ will only match the first line that conforms to the regular pattern; by default, $ will only match the last line that conforms to the regular pattern

>>> re.findall(r"^a(\d+)b","a23b\na34b")
    ['23']
>>> re.findall(r"^a(\d+)b","a23b\na34b",re.M)
    ['23','34']

However, if there is no ^ sign,

>>> re.findall(r"a(\d+)b","a23b\na34b")
    ['23','43']

is visible and there is no need to re.M

import re
n='''12 drummers drumming,
11 pipers piping, 10 lords a-leaping'''
p=re.compile('^\d+')
p_multi=re.compile('^\d+',re.MULTILINE) #设置 MULTILINE 标志
print re.findall(p,n) #['12']
print re.findall(p_multi,n) # ['12', '11']

import re
a = 'a23b'
print re.findall('a(\d+?)',a) #['2']
print re.findall('a(\d+)',a) #['23']
print re.findall(r'a(\d+)b',a) #['23']
print re.findall(r'a(\d+?)b',a) # ['23']

b='a23b\na34b'
''' . 匹配非换行符的任意一个字符'''
print re.findall(r'a(\d+)b.+a(\d+)b',b) #[]
print re.findall(r'a(\d+)b',b,re.M) # ['23', '34']
print re.findall(r'^a(\d+)b',b,re.M) # ['23', '34']
print re.findall(r'a(\d+)b',b) #['23','34'] 可以匹配多行
print re.findall(r'^a(\d+)b',b) # ['23'] 默认^只会匹配符合正则的第一行
print re.findall(r'a(\d+)b$',b) # ['34'] 默认$只会匹配符合正则的末行
print re.findall(r'a(\d+)b',b,re.M) #['23', '34']
print re.findall(r'a(\d+)b.?',b,re.M) # ['23', '34'] 表达式中的'.'匹配除换行符以外的字符，'?'匹配前一个字符0次或1次
print re.findall(r"a(\d+)b", "a23b\na34b") # ['23', '34']

Note: In Python3.4, print is a function and requires parentheses

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