A brief introduction to the directory structure of Java tomcat

This article mainly introduces the introduction of tomcat directory structure_related information compiled by Power Node Java Academy. Friends who need it can refer to it

Introduction to tomcat directory structure

If we have a web application named "mail" (which is also the name of the directory where the web application is located), then different types of files in its directory should obey the following placement rules:

Generally speaking:

For html, jsp, css, js files, etc., they can be placed directly in the directory where the web application is located. Of course, if there are many files, you can Also create some directories for storage.

In addition to the above-mentioned files, some files that do not want to be accessed by the outside world must be placed in the [WEB-INF] directory. The file name is not allowed to be changed. It must be in uppercase letters and there must be no traces at all. Difference, otherwise something will go wrong, and in this directory will be stored some Java files we need for development (should be placed in the [classes] directory), jar packages required for Java running (placed in the [WEB-INF] directory [lib] directory, which can also be placed in the [lib] directory in the Tomcat home directory), and the very important "web.xml" file. Although we write the content of this file ourselves, the file name must be "web.xml" "It cannot be changed. This file allows us to configure the web applications we develop."

My web application is configured with the web.xml in Tomcat's [conf] directory. Let's take a look at how Tomcat's "web.xml" file is configured:

<welcome-file-list>
  <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
  <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

At the end of Tomcat's "web.xml" file, there are the above three sentences, which means the homepage is "index.html", if it does not exist, the homepage It is "index.htm". If it does not exist yet, the homepage is "index.jsp". Therefore, even if there is no special custom web.xml file in my web application to set my home page, as long as there is a customized "index.html" in the directory where my web application is located, it can be used as the home page of my web application. Open.

So generally we have to include our own "web.xml" file in our web application, so how to write it?

　The simplest way to write is to take the useful information in web.xml in Tomcat's [conf] directory, such as the header and tail, plus the functions you need. Can be extracted from this "template" file.

For example, if I want to customize my own homepage, I no longer need to define an index.html file in the directory where the web application is located. I only need to extract the header and tail from the template, and add Set the homepage function.

Assume that the directory where my web application is located is [mail], and the [pages] directory is customized to store all html pages. I want to use "1.html" as the directory for my application. Home page, then the custom web.xml content in my application is as follows:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="3.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd">

 <welcome-file-list>
  <welcome-file>/pages/1.html</welcome-file>
 </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

Pay attention to the way this path is written. If it starts with a directory, there must be before the directory. "/". After configuring the homepage in this way, you can open it from the browser and just type the virtual directory corresponding to the web application as the path:

　

So you can Use this method to set the homepage of your own web application.

But I will complain, don’t I have to enter the path of the web application? This can be regarded as the real homepage without having to enter it! ! !

Add the tag to the tag in the server.xml file, and set the path attribute to the default value.

Modify in the server.xml file:

<Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true">
 <Context path="" docBase="F:\TomCat_8.0.24\webapps\mail" />
</Host>

Combined with custom web. The home page set by the xml file is as follows in the browser:

Home page is completed! ! In addition, you only need to change the port in Tomcat's "server.xml" file to 80, and you can access the homepage directly by IP address without entering the port!

Of course, the web.xml file is not only used to configure a certain web resource as the homepage of the website. It can also map the servlet program to a certain URL address, configure a listener for the web application, and Web application configuration filters, etc., so the web.xml file is the most important configuration file in the entire development of web applications!

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