search
HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialDetailed explanation of examples on how to optimize 4G memory server configuration in MySQL

MySQL has the greatest impact on the performance of the web architecture and is also a key core part. Let’s take a look at some of the basics of MySQL optimization. The optimization of MySQL itself (my.cnf)

The number of visits to the company’s website is increasing (over 100,000 PV per day), and MySQL has naturally become a bottleneck. About MySQL Optimization, the most basic is the optimization of MySQL system parameters.

MySQL has the greatest impact on the performance of the web architecture and is also a key core part. Whether MySQL settings are reasonably optimized directly affects the speed and load capacity of the web! At the same time, MySQL is also the most difficult part to optimize. It not only requires understanding some MySQL professional knowledge, but also requires long-term observation of statistics and judgment based on experience, and then setting reasonable parameters. Let's take a look at some of the basics of MySQL optimization, including the optimization of MySQL itself (my.cnf).

We introduce some parameters that have a greater impact on performance. Since the optimization settings of the my.cnf file are closely related to the server hardware configuration, we specify a common 2U server hardware environment: CPU: 2 Intel Xeon 2.4GHz Memory: 4GB DDR Hard disk: SCSI.

Below, we will explain based on the above hardware configuration combined with an optimized my.cnf:


[mysqld] 
 port = 3306 
 serverid = 1 
 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock 
 skip-locking 
#避免MySQL的外部锁定,减少出错几率增强稳定性。 
skip-name-resolve 
#禁止MySQL对外部连接进行DNS解析,使用这一选项可以消除MySQL进行DNS解析的时间。但需要注意,如果开启该选项,则所有远程主机连接授权都要使用IP地址方式,否则MySQL将无法正常处理连接请求!
back_log = 384 
#back_log参数的值指出在MySQL暂时停止响应新请求之前的短时间内多少个请求可以被存在堆栈中。 如果系统在一个短时间内有很多连接,则需要增大该参数的值,该参数值指定到来的TCP/IP连接的侦听队列的大小。不同的操作系统在这个队列大小上有它自己的限制。 试图设定back_log高于你的操作系统的限制将是无效的。默认值为50。对于Linux系统推荐设置为小于512的整数。
key_buffer_size = 256M 
#key_buffer_size指定用于索引的缓冲区大小,增加它可得到更好的索引处理性能。对于内存在4GB左右的服务器该参数可设置为256M或384M。注意:该参数值设置的过大反而会是服务器整体效率降低!
max_allowed_packet = 4M 
 thread_stack = 256K 
 table_cache = 128K 
 sort_buffer_size = 6M 
#查询排序时所能使用的缓冲区大小。注意:该参数对应的分配内存是每连接独占,如果有100个连接,那么实际分配的总共排序缓冲区大小为100 × 6 = 600MB。所以,对于内存在4GB左右的服务器推荐设置为6-8M。
read_buffer_size = 4M 
#读查询操作所能使用的缓冲区大小。和sort_buffer_size一样,该参数对应的分配内存也是每连接独享。
join_buffer_size = 8M 
#联合查询操作所能使用的缓冲区大小,和sort_buffer_size一样,该参数对应的分配内存也是每连接独享。
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M 
 table_cache = 512 
 thread_cache_size = 64 
 query_cache_size = 64M 
#指定MySQL查询缓冲区的大小。可以通过在MySQL控制台观察,如果Qcache_lowmem_prunes的值非常大,则表明经常出现缓冲不够的情况;如果Qcache_hits的值非常大,则表明查询缓冲使用非常频繁,如果该值较小反而会影响效率,那么可以考虑不用查询缓冲;Qcache_free_blocks,如果该值非常大,则表明缓冲区中碎片很多。
tmp_table_size = 256M 
 max_connections = 768 
#指定MySQL允许的最大连接进程数。如果在访问论坛时经常出现Too Many Connections的错误提 示,则需要增大该参数值。
max_connect_errors = 10000000 
 wait_timeout = 10 
#指定一个请求的最大连接时间,对于4GB左右内存的服务器可以设置为5-10。 
thread_concurrency = 8 
#该参数取值为服务器逻辑CPU数量*2,在本例中,服务器有2颗物理CPU,而每颗物理CPU又支持H.T超线程,所以实际取值为4*2=8
 skip-networking 
#开启该选项可以彻底关闭MySQL的TCP/IP连接方式,如果WEB服务器是以远程连接的方式访问MySQL数据库服务器则不要开启该选项!否则将无法正常连接!
table_cache=1024 
#物理内存越大,设置就越大.默认为2402,调到512-1024最佳 
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=4M 
#默认为2M 
 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 
#设置为0就是等到innodb_log_buffer_size列队满后再统一储存,默认为1 
 innodb_log_buffer_size=2M 
#默认为1M 
 innodb_thread_concurrency=8 
#你的服务器CPU有几个就设置为几,建议用默认一般为8 
 key_buffer_size=256M 
#默认为218,调到128最佳 
tmp_table_size=64M 
#默认为16M,调到64-256最挂 
read_buffer_size=4M 
#默认为64K 
 read_rnd_buffer_size=16M 
#默认为256K 
 sort_buffer_size=32M 
#默认为256K 
 thread_cache_size=120 
#默认为60 
 query_cache_size=32M

Note:

1. If Key_reads is too large, you should increase the Key_buffer_size in my.cnf to keep Key_reads/Key_read_requests at least 1/100 or above. The smaller the better.

2. If Qcache_lowmem_prunes is very large, increase the value of Query_cache_size.

Summarize

The above is the detailed content of Detailed explanation of examples on how to optimize 4G memory server configuration in MySQL. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
图文详解mysql架构原理图文详解mysql架构原理May 17, 2022 pm 05:54 PM

本篇文章给大家带来了关于mysql的相关知识,其中主要介绍了关于架构原理的相关内容,MySQL Server架构自顶向下大致可以分网络连接层、服务层、存储引擎层和系统文件层,下面一起来看一下,希望对大家有帮助。

mysql怎么替换换行符mysql怎么替换换行符Apr 18, 2022 pm 03:14 PM

在mysql中,可以利用char()和REPLACE()函数来替换换行符;REPLACE()函数可以用新字符串替换列中的换行符,而换行符可使用“char(13)”来表示,语法为“replace(字段名,char(13),'新字符串') ”。

mysql怎么去掉第一个字符mysql怎么去掉第一个字符May 19, 2022 am 10:21 AM

方法:1、利用right函数,语法为“update 表名 set 指定字段 = right(指定字段, length(指定字段)-1)...”;2、利用substring函数,语法为“select substring(指定字段,2)..”。

mysql的msi与zip版本有什么区别mysql的msi与zip版本有什么区别May 16, 2022 pm 04:33 PM

mysql的msi与zip版本的区别:1、zip包含的安装程序是一种主动安装,而msi包含的是被installer所用的安装文件以提交请求的方式安装;2、zip是一种数据压缩和文档存储的文件格式,msi是微软格式的安装包。

mysql怎么将varchar转换为int类型mysql怎么将varchar转换为int类型May 12, 2022 pm 04:51 PM

转换方法:1、利用cast函数,语法“select * from 表名 order by cast(字段名 as SIGNED)”;2、利用“select * from 表名 order by CONVERT(字段名,SIGNED)”语句。

MySQL复制技术之异步复制和半同步复制MySQL复制技术之异步复制和半同步复制Apr 25, 2022 pm 07:21 PM

本篇文章给大家带来了关于mysql的相关知识,其中主要介绍了关于MySQL复制技术的相关问题,包括了异步复制、半同步复制等等内容,下面一起来看一下,希望对大家有帮助。

带你把MySQL索引吃透了带你把MySQL索引吃透了Apr 22, 2022 am 11:48 AM

本篇文章给大家带来了关于mysql的相关知识,其中主要介绍了mysql高级篇的一些问题,包括了索引是什么、索引底层实现等等问题,下面一起来看一下,希望对大家有帮助。

mysql怎么判断是否是数字类型mysql怎么判断是否是数字类型May 16, 2022 am 10:09 AM

在mysql中,可以利用REGEXP运算符判断数据是否是数字类型,语法为“String REGEXP '[^0-9.]'”;该运算符是正则表达式的缩写,若数据字符中含有数字时,返回的结果是true,反之返回的结果是false。

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
2 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Repo: How To Revive Teammates
4 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Hello Kitty Island Adventure: How To Get Giant Seeds
4 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

PhpStorm Mac version

PhpStorm Mac version

The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser is a secure browser environment for taking online exams securely. This software turns any computer into a secure workstation. It controls access to any utility and prevents students from using unauthorized resources.

SublimeText3 English version

SublimeText3 English version

Recommended: Win version, supports code prompts!

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)