This article mainly introduces you to the relevant information about how to use nginx access logs to record user IDs in mysql. The article introduces it in great detail through sample code. It has certain reference learning value for everyone's study or work. It is needed Friends, please follow the editor to learn together.
Preface
Everyone should know that nginx has a very powerful logging function, but by default, it can only log users IP address and browser information. If we have a user log in to the registration system, and the user is already logged in, we want to record which user visited a certain web page, what should we do? Because we not only want to know which IP address visited which webpage, but also which logged-in user visited which webpage. This will help us recommend information and even push advertisements to him/her in a targeted manner in the future. All are very useful. Without further ado, let’s take a look at the detailed introduction:
nginx default log format
127.0.0.1 - - [20/Jul/2017:22:04:08 +0800] "GET /news/index HTTP/1.1" 200 22262 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.66 Safari/537.36"
Here, we see that although the user has logged in, there is no user-related information in the log, only the IP address. What if we want to record the user's ID and other information?
Output a special header on the PHP side
We thought that since the user has logged in, it must have a cookie or session Or token information, no matter which way, our PHP can effectively obtain the user's information. Here is an example where we obtain the user's ID information through session:
$user_id = Yii::$app->session['user_id']; if (empty($user_id)) { header('X-UID: 0'); } else { header('X-UID: ' . $user_id); }
If there is no user ID in the session, it means that the user has not logged in, and X-UID: 0 is output. (Or you can simply output nothing). If the session is obtained, it means that the user has logged in, then we output his user_id to nginx: X-UID: 12345
.
Here, you can not only output one piece of information, you can output several different fields, including his name, gender, age, etc.
Create a new log format
log_format can only be stored in the http segment, so we need to find nginx. conf file.
The second part of the default log format of nginx is user information, but usually there is nothing, just a -. Here we transform it into the header information we pass in from the backend. The special header we created above is X-UID. Here we need to do a small conversion first, change all the uppercase letters to lowercase, change all the - to underscores, it becomes x_uid, and then splice # in front. ##$upstream_http_, you will get the final result
$upstream_http_x_uid, and then insert it into the log format wherever you want it to appear:
log_format front '$remote_addr - $upstream_http_x_uid [$time_local] "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
Refer to this log format in the server
access_log /var/log/nginx/front-access.log front;
New log result
127.0.0.1 - 52248 [20/Jul/2017:22:35:40 +0800] "GET /news/view?id=56 HTTP/1.1" 200 19455 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.66 Safari/537.36"
Note: The second number above is 52248, which is the personal ID of our logged-in user. My example here is relatively simple. If you don't mind the trouble, you can even print all the personal information of the logged-in user, including mobile phone number and email address, in the log. It depends on whether you are concerned about security issues.
Hide the ID from the user
proxy_hide_header X-UID;so that users cannot see this special feature from the browser. header without affecting nginx recording it.
Final processing
Summarize
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