Detailed examples of commonly used vim operations

This article is a self-summary of commonly used vim operations. Masters, please avoid it. It is suitable for beginners to watch.

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vim open exit save

Open:
Open vim directly practice_1.txt
You can also open vim first, then:e file path

Save:
: w file name
or exit save: wq!

Exit vim in normal mode: Shift+zz

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vim moves and enters insert mode

Move:
wNext word
bUp A word

Enter insert mode
Command description
i Edit at the current cursor
I Insert at the beginning of the line
A Insert at the end of the line
a Insert editing after the cursor
o Insert a new line after the current line
O Insert a new line before the current line
cw Replace the characters from the cursor position to the end of a word

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vim selection mode

v (lowercase), enter character selection mode
Shift+v (lowercase), enter line selection mode
Ctrl+v (lowercase), this is the area In selection mode, you can select a rectangular area.
Input d in visual mode to delete the content of the selected area
Enter y in visual mode to copy the content of the selected area

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vim jump between lines and jump within lines

nG jump to the nth line
gg first line
Glast line
ctrol + o jump to the last jump Position, you can repeat commands like history

w to the beginning of the next word
e to the end of the next word
b to the beginning of the previous word
ge to the previous The end of a word
0 or ^ to the beginning of the line
$ to the end of the line
f Search backward for and jump to the first matching position (very practical)
F Search forward for and jump to the first matching position
t Search backward for and jump to the first matching position A letter before (not commonly used)
T Search forward for and jump to a letter after the first matching position (not commonly used)

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vim copy and paste

y copy
In normal mode, yy copies the entire line where the cursor is (3yy means copying 3 lines)
In normal mode, y^ copies to the line First, or y0. Does not contain the character where the cursor is.
In normal mode, y$ is copied to the end of the line. Contains the character at the cursor position.
In normal mode, yw copies a word.
In normal mode, y2w copies two words.
In normal mode, yG is copied to the end of the text.
In normal mode, y1G is copied to the beginning of the text.
pPaste
In normal mode, p (lowercase) represents pasting after the cursor (lower)
In normal mode, P (uppercase) represents pasting before the cursor (upper)
dcut

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vim delete shortcut key

Command description
x Delete the character where the cursor is
X Delete the character before the cursor
Delete Same x
dd Delete the entire line
dw Delete a word (not applicable to Chinese)
d$ or D Delete to the end of the line
d^ Delete to the beginning of the line
dG Delete to the end of the document
d1G Delete to the beginning of the document

Add a number before the command to indicate repeated operations
2dd

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vim multiple file editing

vim 1 .txt 2.txt
Open a new file after entering vim

In command line mode, enter: e 3.txt Open a new file 3.txt
In command line mode, enter: e# to return to the previous one File
In command line mode, enter: ls to list previously edited documents
In command line mode, enter: b 2.txt (or number) to directly enter file 2.txt for editing
Command line mode Enter: bd 2.txt (or number) to delete the file item in the previously edited list
Enter: e! 4.txt in command line mode, open the new file 4.txt, and abandon the file being edited
In command line mode, enter: f to display the name of the file being edited
In command line mode, enter: f new.txt, change the name of the file being edited to new.txt

If there is a power outage, etc. The document is not saved due to the reason. You can use the recovery method. After vim -r enters the document, enter: ewcover 1.txt to restore
$ vim -r 1.txt

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vim displays line number

: set nu

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vim replaces

r+ Change the letter where the cursor is Replace with the specified letter
R Replace continuously until Esc
cc is pressed Replace the entire line, that is, delete the line where the cursor is, and enter the insert mode
cw Replace a word, that is, delete a word, and enter the insert mode
C (uppercase) Replace the cursor to the end of the line
~ Reverse the case of the letter where the cursor is located
u{n} Undo one or n operations
U (uppercase) Undo all modifications to the current line
Ctrl+r redo, that is, undo the operation of undo

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vim search

/icmp Search backward for icmp
? tcp Search forward tcp
nNext
N Move to the previous

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Vim repeats the command

.
You can also enter The number is before the command

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vim internally executes the external command

input!
:!ls is used to display the contents of the current directory
:!rm FILENAME is used to delete the file named FILENAME
:w FILENAME can save the file being edited in the current VIM as a FILENAME file

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vim text alignment

：ce
：ri
：le

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vim documentation Encryption

vim -x file1

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vim indentation

>>
View settings:
set shiftwidth?
Setting value:
set shiftwidth=10

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vim settings

2.7.1 vim function settings
vim configuration File ~/.vimrc (the configuration file in the laboratory environment is in /etc/vim/vimrc), you can open the file for modification, but be careful not to affect the normal use of vim

2.7.2 Get the current settings

In command line mode, enter: set or:se to display all modified configurations
In command line mode, enter: set all to display all set values ​​
In command line mode, enter: set option? Display the setting value of option
In the command line mode, enter: set nooption to cancel the current setting value
2.7.3 Description of the set function

In the command line mode, enter: set autoindent(ai) set Automatic indentation
In command line mode, enter: set autowrite(aw) to set automatic archiving, which is not turned on by default
In command line mode, enter: set background=dark or light, set the background style
In command line mode Enter: set backup(bk) to set automatic backup, which is not enabled by default
In command line mode, enter: set cindent(cin) to set C language style indentation

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