Detailed examples of three methods for looping through arrays list(), each() and while

Mainly introduces the summary of the three methods list(), each() and while of PHP looptraversing arrays, focusing on the explanation of the mixed use of these three methods.

①each() function

each() function needs to pass an array as a parameter, return the key/value pair of the current element in the array, and move the array pointer backward to the position of the next element. Key/value pairs are returned as a mixed associative and indexed array with 4 elements, with keys 0, 1, key, and value. The key name 0 is the same as the value corresponding to key, which is the key name of the array element, while 1 and value contain the value of the array element. If the internal pointer goes beyond the end of the array, each() returns FALSE. The use of each() function is as follows:

<?php
$contact = array("ID" => 1,"姓名" => "高某","公司" => "A公司","地址" => "北京市",);
$id = each($contact); //返回数组$contact中第一个元素的键/值对，是带有4个元素的数组
print_r($id); //输出数组$id：Array([1]=>1,[value]=>1,[0]=>ID,[key]=>ID)
 
$name = each($contact); //返回数组$contact中的第二个元素的键/值对，是带有4个元素的数组
print_r($name); //输出Array([1]=>高某,[value]=>高某,[0]=>姓名,[key]=>姓名)
 
$company = each($contact);
print_r($company); //输出Array([1]=>A公司,[value]=>A公司,[0]=>公司,[key]=>公司)
 
$address = each($contact); 
print_r($address); //输出Array([1]=>北京市,[value]=>北京市,[0]=>地址,[key]=>地址)
 
$no = each($contact);
var_dump($no); //输出bool(false)
?>

②list() function

This is not a real function, but a PHP language structure. list() assigns values ​​to a set of variables in one step, that is, assigns the values ​​in the array to some variables. list() can only be used with numerically indexed arrays and assumes that array indices start at 0. The syntax format is as follows: The

list(mixed varname,mixed…) = array_expression

list() statement is very different from other functions in usage. It does not directly receive an array as a parameter. Instead, the value of each element in the array is assigned to each parameter in the list() function through assignment. The list() function in turn converts each parameter in it into a variable that can be used directly in the script. The usage is as follows:

<?php
$info = array(&#39;coffee&#39;,&#39;brown&#39;,&#39;caffeine&#39;);
list($drink,$color,$power) = $info;
 
list($drink,,$power) = $info; //变量的值是数组中第一个和第三个值
 
list( , ,$power) = $info; //变量值是数组中第三个元素的值
?>

After understanding the usage of the list() function through the above example, combine the each() function and the list() function. The code is as follows:

<?php
$contact = array("ID" => 1,"姓名" => "高某","公司" => "A公司","地址" => "北京市",);
 
list($key,$value) = each($contact);
echo "$key => $value"; //输出变量$key和$value，中间使用“=>”分割
?>

③

while loop Traverse the arrayThe use of each() and list() statements introduced earlier is It is not difficult to understand if you use a while loop to traverse an array. The syntax format used is as follows:

while(list($key,$value) = each(array_expression)){
循环体
}

This union format traverses the given array_expression array. In each loop of the while() statement, the each() statement assigns the key of the current array element to the first parameter variable $key of the list() function. And assign the value in the current array element to the second parameter variable $value in the list() function, and after the each() statement is executed, the pointer inside the array will be moved back one step, so next time while() When the statement loops, the key/value pair of the next element in the array will be obtained. Until the end of the array each() statement returns FALSE, the while() statement stops the loop and ends the

array traversal

.

<?php
$contact = array(
"ID" => 1,
"姓名" => "高某",
"公司" => "A公司",
"地址" => "北京市",
"电话" => "(010)98765432",
"EMAIL" => "gao@brophp.com",
);
 
//以HTML列表的方式输出数组中每个元素的信息
echo &#39;<dl>一个联系人信息：&#39;;
 
while(list($key,$value) = each($contact)){
echo "<dd>$key : $value</dd>";
}
 
echo &#39;</dl>&#39;;
?>

You can also nested traverse

multidimensional arrays

in the same way. Although the results of while traversing the array are the same as those of the freach statement, there are differences between the two methods. After using the while statement to traverse the array, the each() statement has pointed the internal pointer of the passed array parameter to the end of the array. When the while statement is used to traverse the same array again, the array pointer is already at the end of the array, and the each() statement directly returns FALSE, and the while statement will not be executed in the loop. Only call the reset() function before the while statement is executed to reset the array pointer to the first element. The foreach statement will automatically reset the pointer position of the array. When foreach starts to execute, the pointer inside the array will automatically point to the first unit. This means there is no need to call the reset() function before the foreach loop.

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