Some commonly used commands in linux

shutdown -h now Shut down immediately

shutdown -r now Restart the computer now

reboot Restart the computer now

logout Log out the user

vi Editor usage:

1) vi file name

2) Enter i [enter command mode]

3) Enter esc [enter command mode]

　4) Enter: [wq means exit and keep q! Exit without saving]

pwd displays the current path

groupadd policy Add policy user group

View all in linux Group information:

vi /etc/group

cat /etc/group

View all user information in linux

vi /etc/passwd

cat /etc/passwd

useradd xiaoming Add xiaoming user [Only users with root permissions can add users]

useradd -g group name user name While adding users Specify user group

passwd Add password to current user

passwd xiaoming Change password for xiaoming user

userdel xiaoming Delete user xiaoming

userdel -r xiaoming Delete User xiaoming and the user's home directory

Command: init [012356]

Running level

0: Shutdown

1: Single user mode

2: There is no network service in multi-user state

3: There is network service in multi-user state

4: The system is not used and reserved for users

5: Image interface

6: System restart

Commonly used run levels are 3 and 5. To modify the default run level, you can modify the number in the id:5:initdefault: line of the file /etc/inittab.

ls List files and directories

-a Show hidden files

-l Show long list format

mkdir Create directory

rmdir delete empty directory

touch create empty file

cp copy

cp -r dir1 dir2 recursive copy command

mv move file and change file name

rm delete files and directories

rm -rf delete all contents (including directories and files)

r recursive f force

more display file contents with paging

less Display file content with paging

grep Query a certain keyword in the text

For example: Find the xiaohong keyword in the file file.txt file: grep "xiaohong " file.txt

If you also want to display the number of lines where the xiaohong keyword appears: grep -n "xiaohong" file.txt

| Pipe command [pass the result of the previous command to | The following commands will be processed]

find Search for files and directories

find /home -name aaa Search for files and directories named man starting from /home

Search for a period of time Files or directories that have been accessed or changed within

find /home -amin -10 Directories or files that have been accessed within ten minutes

find /home -atime -10 Directories that have been accessed within ten hours Or files

find /home -cmin -10 Directories or files that have been changed within ten minutes

find /home -amin -10 Directories or files that were accessed ten minutes ago

Search for files of a specified size

find /home -size +10k Find files with a size of 10k in the /home directory

>,>>Redirect command:

ls -l > a.txt The contents of the list are written to the file a.txt (overwriting)

ls -al >> aa.txt The contents of the list are appended to the file aa At the end of .txt

databse

chown user name file name Modify file owner

chgrp group name file name Modify the group where the file is located

Mount command:

mount [-parameter] [device name] [mount point]

Uninstall command:

umount [device name]

Check disk usage:

df [-parameter]

Check which partition a directory is in:

df [full path to directory]

Check the specific situation of the Linux system partition:

fdisk -l

rpm package installation:

rpm -i prm package full path name: install the package to the current system

rpm -ivh rpm package full path name: installation package to the current system prompt message

i: install installation

v: verbose prompt

h ：hash progress bar

rpm deletion:

rpm -e rpm package name

If other software depends on the software package you want to uninstall, an error message will be generated during uninstallation .

If you want rpm to ignore this error and continue uninstalling (programs that depend on this package may not run), please use the --nodeps command line option.

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