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Summarize the precautions for using $.data() in jQuery

巴扎黑
巴扎黑Original
2017-06-20 10:02:511564browse

前段时间同事在群里对jQuery里的.data()方法大发牢骚,接下来介绍jQuery $.data()方法使用注意细节,需要了解的朋友可以参考下

前段时间同事在群里对jQuery里的.data()方法大发牢骚:
XXX(NNNNNNN) 15:11:34
04c56742643469ab65b61174e724dc34
alert($('#a').data('xxx'));//123
data方法不靠谱
XXX(NNNNNNN) 15:13:17
老老实实用attr('data-xxx')吧细研究了下jQuery文档对.data()方法的描述: 


As of jQuery 1.4.3 HTML 5 data- attributes will be automatically pulled in to jQuery's data object.
The treatment of attributes with embedded dashes was changed in jQuery 1.6 to conform to the W3C HTML5
specification.


针对如下示便: 

<p data-role="page" data-last-value="43" data-hidden="true" data-options=&#39;{"name":"John"}&#39;></p> 
$("p").data("role") === "page"; 
$("p").data("lastValue") === 43; 
$("p").data("hidden") === true; 
$("p").data("options").name === "John";


即当使用.data()获取值时,jQuery会首先尝试将获取的字符串值转化成JS类型,包括布尔值,null,数字,对象数组
若值是”true|false”,则返回相应的布尔值;
若值是”null”,则返回null;
若值是纯数字构成的字符串(+data + ”” === data),则返回相应的数字(+data);
若值是由(?:\{[\s\S]*\}|\[[\s\S]*\])$,比如”{key:value}“或[1,2,3],则尝试使用jQuery.parseJSON解析之;
否则返回字符串值
当然文档里也特意说明了——如果就是想获取字符串值而不想获得自动转换的值,可以使用.attr(“data-”+key)来获取相应的值: 

To retrieve the value&#39;s attribute as a string without any attempt to convert it, use the attr() method.

如下为jQuery源码 

function dataAttr( elem, key, data ) { 
// If nothing was found internally, try to fetch any 
// data from the HTML5 data-* attribute 
if ( data === undefined && elem.nodeType === 1 ) { 
// rmultiDash = /([A-Z])/g 
var name = "data-" + key.replace( rmultiDash, "-$1" ).toLowerCase(); 
data = elem.getAttribute( name ); 
if ( typeof data === "string" ) { 
try { 
/*.data(key)方法尝试将获取的值转化成JS类型,包括布尔值,null,数字,对象,数组*/ 
data = data === "true" ? true : 
data === "false" ? false : 
data === "null" ? null : 
// Only convert to a number if it doesn&#39;t change the string 
+data + "" === data ? +data : 
/*rbrace = /(?:\{[\s\S]*\}|\[[\s\S]*\])$/,*/ 
rbrace.test( data ) ? jQuery.parseJSON( data ) : 
data; 
} catch( e ) {} 
// Make sure we set the data so it isn&#39;t changed later 
jQuery.data( elem, key, data ); 
} else { 
data = undefined; 
} 
} 
return
 data; 
}

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