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python automated form submission

巴扎黑Original: 2017-06-23 15:11:032698browse

Today I will use the automatic submission of a form to further learn the usage of selenium

Practice objectives

　0 ) Use selenium to start firefox and load the specified page (you can view my article for this part)

　1) Search for page elements (multiple search methods: find_element_*)

　2) Content filling (send_keys) )

　3) Switching between iframe and parent page (switch_to_frame is to switch to iframe, switch_to_default_content is to switch to the main page)

　4) Browser interaction processing: window.alert, window.confirm, window .prompt

　　 To interact with the above three browsers, you need to use switch_to_alert. There are several usages that need to be noted:

　　　 a) accept(): Send a confirmation instruction, which is equivalent to clicking " OK” button

b) dismiss(): Cancel the operation, which is equivalent to clicking the “Cancel” button or clicking “Close” in the upper right corner

c) send_keys: Fill in the content that needs to be filled in the prompt box

Preparation work

HTML page (registration page, embedded with a registration form; the reason for this example is to Introducing the usage of switch_to_frame for practicing selenium)

　1) Registration page (path D:\RegisterDEMO\index.htm)　

<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
<head>
	<title>用户注册</title>
	<meta charset="utf-8" />
</head>
<body>
	<h3>测试Python selenium自动提交表单</h3>
	<iframe id="register_iframe" width="320" height="200" border="0" src="register.htm" />
</body>
</html>

　2) Registration form (path D: \RegisterDEMO\register.htm)

<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
<head>
	<title>这是内嵌表单</title>
	<meta charset="utf-8" />
	<style type="text/css">
		input[type=&#39;text&#39;]{border:1px solid #abc; font-size:14px; padding:5px; width:200px;}
		input[type=&#39;password&#39;]{border:1px solid #abc; font-size:14px; padding:5px; width:200px;}
		input[type=&#39;submit&#39;]{border:1px solid #abc; font-size:14px; padding:5px 10px; width:100px; cursor:pointer; margin-top:20px;}
		input[type=&#39;submit&#39;]:hover{background-color:#aaaaff;}
	</style>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="/register/regaction" method="POST">
		<table>
			<tr>
				<td>用户名：</td>
				<td><input id="txt_account" type="text" value="" placeholder="用户名" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>密码：</td>
				<td><input id="txt_password" type="password" value="" placeholder="密码" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>电子邮箱：</td>
				<td><input id="txt_email" type="text" value="" placeholder="电子邮箱" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td> </td>
				<td><input id="btn_register" type="submit" value="提交注册" onclick="return confirm(&#39;是否确认提交注册&#39;);" /></td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

##Running steps

We run it step by step through Python IDLE, which is helpful for understanding. One step at a time, there are constant surprises

1) Introduce selenium module

from selenium import webdriver

　2) Start firefox and load the registration page

bs = webdriver.Firefox()
bs.get(&#39;file:///D:/RegisterDEMO/index.htm&#39;)

　3) Find the input box (user name, password , email) and button (submit registration), and fill in the specified content

# 由于表单内容是嵌在iframe里的，所以需要查找指向至iframe
# 如果又想跳出iframe，回到父页面，可以使用 bs.switch_to_default_content()
bs.switch_to_frame(&#39;register-iframe&#39;)

# 由于所有的元素都命名了id，可以使用find_element_by_id，还有很多的其它find_element_*大家可以练习
# 查找用户名框，并填充“hertz.liu"
account = bs.find_element_by_id(&#39;txt_account&#39;)
account.send_keys(&#39;hertz.liu&#39;)

# 查找密码框，并填充"pwd123"
pwd = bs.find_element_by_id(&#39;txt_password&#39;)
pwd.send_keys(&#39;pwd123&#39;)

# 查找电子邮箱框，并填充”hertz.liu@mail.com"
email = bs.find_element_by_id(&#39;txt_email&#39;)
email.send_keys(&#39;hertz.liu@mail.com&#39;)

# 查找提交按钮，并模拟点击提交
btn_reg = bs.find_element_by_id(&#39;btn_register&#39;)
btn_reg.click()

　4) Very smoothly, the filling and submission of the form was completed. For general forms, since they involve data operations, developers will set up some secondary confirmations to prevent misoperations. Here a simple confirm is used for secondary confirmation. Here is how to let selenium recognize the confirm box and click the "OK" button

# 将查找对象转移至confirm
confirm = bs.switch_to_alert()

# 点击确定按钮
confirm.accept()
# 如果要取消，使用confirm.dismiss()
# 如果是prompt，则可以使用send_keys()先填充内容，再调用accept()或dismiss()

　5) Close the browser

bs.close()

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