[MyBatis source code analysis] Plug-in implementation principle

MyBatis plug-in principle----start with analysis

##This article analyzes the plug-in implementation principle of MyBatis. Before that, , if you are not very familiar with the MyBatis plug-in, you can refer to this article MyBatis7: MyBatis plug-in and examples ---- print each SQL statement and its execution time. In this article, I use an example to explain what the MyBatis plug-in is and how to implement it. Since the MyBatis plug-in has penetrated into the underlying code of MyBatis, to use the plug-in better, you must be familiar with the plug-in implementation principle and the underlying code of MyBatis. This article analyzes the plug-in implementation principle of MyBatis.

First, we start with plug-in parsing. The source code is located in the pluginElement method of XMLConfigBuilder:

 1 private void pluginElement(XNode parent) throws Exception { 2     if (parent != null) { 3       for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) { 4         String interceptor = child.getStringAttribute("interceptor"); 5         Properties properties = child.getChildrenAsProperties(); 6         Interceptor interceptorInstance = (Interceptor) resolveClass(interceptor).newInstance(); 7         interceptorInstance.setProperties(properties); 8         configuration.addInterceptor(interceptorInstance); 9       }10     }11 }

Here is the interceptor attribute in the tag. This is the full path of the custom interceptor. The code in line 6 generates an interceptor instance through reflection.

## Then take all the tags under the tag, parse the name and value attributes into a Properties, and set the Properties to the interceptor.

Finally, set the interceptor to Configuration through the code on line 8. The source code is implemented as:

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> addInterceptor(Interceptor interceptor) {</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #000000">    interceptorChain.addInterceptor(interceptor);</span><span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #000000">}</span><span style="color: #008080"><br></span>

InterceptorChain is an interceptor chain that stores all defined interceptors and several related operation methods:

 1 public class InterceptorChain { 2  3   private final List<Interceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<Interceptor>(); 4  5   public Object pluginAll(Object target) { 6     for (Interceptor interceptor : interceptors) { 7       target = interceptor.plugin(target); 8     } 9     return target;10   }11 12   public void addInterceptor(Interceptor interceptor) {13     interceptors.add(interceptor);14   }15   16   public List<Interceptor> getInterceptors() {17     return Collections.unmodifiableList(interceptors);18   }19 20 }

There are adding interceptors and The target object has three methods: add all interceptors and obtain all current interceptors.

MyBatis plug-in principle----pluginAll method to add plug-ins

We are above I saw a pluginAll method in InterceptorChain. The

pluginAll method generates a proxy for the target object. Then when the target object calls the method, it does not use the original method but the proxy method . This will be explained later. .

MyBatis official website documentation states that plug-ins are allowed to be used at the following four code execution points:

The timing for generating the plug-in (

In other words, the timing of calling the pluginAll method) is Executor, ParameterHandler, ResultSetHandler, StatementHandler When the four interface implementation classes are generated, the timing of each interface implementation class being generated in MyBatis is different. It does not depend on when they were generated. I believe each development tool has a shortcut key to view it. To the place where the pluginAll method is called, the Eclipse I use is Ctrl+Alt+H.

Look at the pluginAll method again:

1 public Object pluginAll(Object target) {2     for (Interceptor interceptor : interceptors) {3       target = interceptor.plugin(target);4     }5     return target;6 }

这里值得注意的是：

1. 形参Object target，这个是Executor、ParameterHandler、ResultSetHandler、StatementHandler接口的实现类，换句话说，plugin方法是要为Executor、ParameterHandler、ResultSetHandler、StatementHandler的实现类生成代理，从而在调用这几个类的方法的时候，其实调用的是InvocationHandler的invoke方法

2. 这里的target是通过for循环不断赋值的，也就是说如果有多个拦截器，那么如果我用P表示代理，生成第一次代理为P(target)，生成第二次代理为P(P(target))，生成第三次代理为P(P(P(target)))，不断嵌套下去，这就得到一个重要的结论：...中后定义的实际其拦截器方法先被执行，因为根据这段代码来看，后定义的代理实际后生成，包装了先生成的代理，自然其代理方法也先执行

plugin方法中调用MyBatis提供的现成的生成代理的方法Plugin.wrap(Object target, Interceptor interceptor)，接着我们看下wrap方法的源码实现。

 

MyBatis插件原理----Plugin的wrap方法的实现

Plugin的wrap方法实现为：

 1 public static Object wrap(Object target, Interceptor interceptor) { 2     Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = getSignatureMap(interceptor); 3     Class<?> type = target.getClass(); 4     Class<?>[] interfaces = getAllInterfaces(type, signatureMap); 5     if (interfaces.length > 0) { 6       return Proxy.newProxyInstance( 7           type.getClassLoader(), 8           interfaces, 9           new Plugin(target, interceptor, signatureMap));10     }11     return target;12 }

首先看一下第2行的代码，获取Interceptor上定义的所有方法签名：

 1 private static Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> getSignatureMap(Interceptor interceptor) { 2     Intercepts interceptsAnnotation = interceptor.getClass().getAnnotation(Intercepts.class); 3     // issue #251 4     if (interceptsAnnotation == null) { 5       throw new PluginException("No @Intercepts annotation was found in interceptor " + interceptor.getClass().getName());      
 6     } 7     Signature[] sigs = interceptsAnnotation.value(); 8     Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = new HashMap<Class<?>, Set<Method>>(); 9     for (Signature sig : sigs) {10       Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.get(sig.type());11       if (methods == null) {12         methods = new HashSet<Method>();13         signatureMap.put(sig.type(), methods);14       }15       try {16         Method method = sig.type().getMethod(sig.method(), sig.args());17         methods.add(method);18       } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {19         throw new PluginException("Could not find method on " + sig.type() + " named " + sig.method() + ". Cause: " + e, e);20       }21     }22     return signatureMap;23 }

看到先拿@Intercepts注解，如果没有定义@Intercepts注解，抛出异常，这意味着使用MyBatis的插件，必须使用注解方式。

接着拿到@Intercepts注解下的所有@Signature注解，获取其type属性（表示具体某个接口），再根据method与args两个属性去type下找方法签名一致的方法Method（如果没有方法签名一致的就抛出异常，此签名的方法在该接口下找不到），能找到的话key=type，value=Set，添加到signatureMap中，构建出一个方法签名映射。举个例子来说，就是我定义的@Intercepts注解，Executor下我要拦截的所有Method、StatementHandler下我要拦截的所有Method。

回过头继续看wrap方法，在拿到方法签名映射后，调用getAllInterfaces方法，传入的是Target的Class对象以及之前获取到的方法签名映射：

 1 private static Class<?>[] getAllInterfaces(Class<?> type, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) { 2     Set<Class<?>> interfaces = new HashSet<Class<?>>(); 3     while (type != null) { 4       for (Class<?> c : type.getInterfaces()) { 5         if (signatureMap.containsKey(c)) { 6           interfaces.add(c); 7         } 8       } 9       type = type.getSuperclass();10     }11     return interfaces.toArray(new Class<?>[interfaces.size()]);12 }

这里获取Target的所有接口，如果方法签名映射中有这个接口，那么添加到interfaces中，这是一个Set，最终将Set转换为数组返回。

wrap方法的最后一步：

1 if (interfaces.length > 0) {2   return Proxy.newProxyInstance(3       type.getClassLoader(),4       interfaces,5       new Plugin(target, interceptor, signatureMap));6 }7 return target;

如果当前传入的Target的接口中有@Intercepts注解中定义的接口，那么为之生成代理，否则原Target返回。

这段理论可能大家会看得有点云里雾里，我这里举个例子：

= StatementHandler., method = "query", args = {Statement., ResultHandler.= StatementHandler., 
method = "update", args = {Statement. org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.StatementHandler=[   org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.StatementHandler.update(java.sql.
Statement)  java.sql.SQLException,   java.util.List org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.StatementHandler.query(java.sql.Statement,org.apache.
ibatis.session.ResultHandler)  java.sql.SQLException]}
一个Class对应一个Set，Class为StatementHandler.class，Set为StataementHandler中的两个方法

如果我new的是StatementHandler接口的实现类，那么可以为之生成代理，因为signatureMap中的key有StatementHandler这个接口

如果我new的是Executor接口的实现类，那么直接会把Executor接口的实现类原样返回，因为signatureMap中的key并没有Executor这个接口

相信这么解释大家应该会明白一点。注意这里生不生成代理，只和接口在不在@Intercepts中定义过有关，和方法签名无关，具体某个方法走拦截器，在invoke方法中，马上来看一下。

 

MyBatis插件原理----Plugin的invoke方法

首先看一下Plugin方法的方法定义：

 1 public class Plugin implements InvocationHandler { 2  3   private Object target; 4   private Interceptor interceptor; 5   private Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap; 6  7   private Plugin(Object target, Interceptor interceptor, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) { 8     this.target = target; 9     this.interceptor = interceptor;10     this.signatureMap = signatureMap;11   }12   ...13 }

看到Plugin是InvocationHandler接口的实现类，换句话说，为目标接口生成代理之后，最终执行的都是Plugin的invoke方法，看一下invoke方法的实现：

 1 public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable { 2     try { 3       Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.get(method.getDeclaringClass()); 4       if (methods != null && methods.contains(method)) { 5         return interceptor.intercept(new Invocation(target, method, args)); 6       } 7       return method.invoke(target, args); 8     } catch (Exception e) { 9       throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(e);10     }11 }

Here, take out the Class corresponding to the method and obtain the method signatures in the Class. In other words, it is Executor, ParameterHandler, ResultSetHandler, and StatementHandler. The @Intercepts annotation defines which method signatures are to be intercepted. .

If the method signature of the currently called method is in the method signature set, that is, it meets the judgment in line 4, then the intercept method of the interceptor is called. Otherwise, the method is called as is and will not be executed. Interceptor.

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