


Detailed explanation of the usage of eval() function in JavaScript_javascript skills
The
eval() function evaluates a JavaScript string and executes it as script code.
If the parameter is an expression, the eval() function will execute the expression. If the argument is a Javascript statement, eval() will execute the Javascript statement.
Grammar
eval(string)
参数 | 描述 |
---|---|
string | 必需。要计算的字符串,其中含有要计算的 JavaScript 表达式或要执行的语句。 |
eval()函數用法詳解:
此函數可能使用的頻率並不是太高,但是在某些情況下具有很大的作用,以下就介紹一下eval()函數的用法。
此函數可以接受一個字串str作為參數,並把此str當作是一段javascript程式碼去執行,如果str執行結果是一個值則傳回此值,否則傳回undefined。如果參數不是字串,則直接傳回該參數,實例如下:
eval("var a=1");//声明一个变量a并赋值1。 eval("2+3");//执行加运算,并返回运算值。 eval("mytest()");//执行mytest()函数。 eval("{b:2}");//声明一个对象。
在上述程式碼特別注意的是,最後一個語句是聲明了一個對象,如果想返回此對象,則需要在對像外面再嵌套一層小括號,如下:
eval("({b:2})");
以上內容簡單介紹了eval()函數的用法,比較容易理解。此函數最讓人感到困惑的是關於它的作用域問題,以下就結合實例來介紹一下相關內容,先看一段程式碼實例:
function a(){ eval("var x=1"); console.log(x); } a(); console.log(x);
在上面的程式碼中,第一個alert()函數能夠彈出1,而第二個會因為x未定義而報錯。
由以上表現可以得出,eval()函數並不會建立一個新的作用域,而且它的作用域就是它所在的作用域。這在所有主流瀏覽器都是如此,但是有時候需要將eval()函數的作用域設定為全局,當然可以將eval()在全域作用域中使用,但是往往實際應用中,需要在局部作用域使用具有全域作用域的此函數,這個時候可以用window.eval()的方式實現,例如以上程式碼可以改造如下:
function a(){ window.eval("var x=1"); console.log(x); } a(); console.log(x);
在上面的程式碼中,兩個alert()語句都能夠正常彈出1。但此中方式在標準瀏覽器中是可以的,但是在IE8和IE8以下瀏覽器中的表現依然和eval()一樣,作用域是它們所在的作用域。這時候可以使用IE瀏覽器獨有的window.execScript()來解決IE8和IE8瀏覽器的問題。為了實現相容所有主流瀏覽器,把程式碼改造如下:
function a(){ if(window.execScript){ window.execScript("var x=1"); } else{ window.eval("var x=1"); } console.log(x); } a(); console.log(x);
如果瀏覽器支援window.execScript(),則使用此函數,不支援則使用window.eval(),這樣就可以解決IE8和IE8以下瀏覽器的問題。
以上內容是小編給大家分享的JavaScript中eval()函數用法詳解,希望大家喜歡。

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