7.1.标准函数
标准php发行包中有1000多个标准函数,这些标准函数都是系统内置的,不需要用户创建就可以直接使用
如:
echo md5('123456');
echo '
';
echo sha1('123456');
echo '
';
echo pi();
?>
output
e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e
7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b
3.14159265359
7.2.自定义函数
7.2.1函数命名基本原则:
1.函数名不能和已有的函数名重名。
2.函数名只能包含字母、数字和下划线。
3.函数名不能以数字开头
7.2.2基本使用:用function进行声明
//创建函数
function funcCountArea($radius)
{
return $radius*$radius*pi();
}
//使用函数
$area = funcCountArea(20);
echo $area;
echo '
';
$area2 = funcCountArea(30);
echo $area2;
?>
output
1256.63706144
2827.43338823
7.2.3按值传参
$a = 5;
function funcChange($a)
{
$a = 2 * $a;
}
funcChange ($a);
echo $a;
?>
output
5
7.2.4按引用传参
$a = 5;
function funcChange(&$a)
{
$a = 2 * $a;
}
funcChange ($a);
echo $a;
?>
output
10
7.2.5返回多个值的函数调用
function funcUserInfo($username,$password)
{
$userInfo = array($username,$password);
return $userInfo;
}
$arr = funcUserInfo('anllin','123456');
print_r($arr);
?>
output
Array ( [0] => anllin [1] => 123456 )
7.2.6另一种返回多个值的函数调用(实用:推荐)
function funcUserInfo($username, $password)
{
$userInfo [] = $username;
$userInfo [] = $password;
return $userInfo;
}
$arr[] = funcUserInfo ( 'Bob', '512655' );
$arr[] = funcUserInfo ( 'John', '458736' );
$arr[] = funcUserInfo ( 'Mark', '925472' );
print_r ( $arr );
?>
output
Array ( [0] => Array ( [0] => Bob [1] => 512655 ) [1] => Array ( [0] => John [1] => 458736 ) [2] => Array ( [0] => Mark [1] => 925472 ) )
注意:函数调用是不区分大小写的,但是变量名是区分大小写的。
7.2.7理解作用域:
局部变量:
在函数内部声明的变量。
全局变量:
在函数外部声明的变量。
7.2.8局部变量转换成全局变量
$a = 5;
function funcChangeValue()
{
global $a;
$a = 10;
}
funcChangeValue();
echo $a;
?>
output
10
7.2.9超级全局变量$GLOBALR的使用
$GLOBALS['a'] = 5;
function funcChangeValue()
{
$GLOBALS['a'] = 10;
}
funcChangeValue();
echo $GLOBALS['a'];
?>
Output
10
7.3.文件包含
7.3.1 Include的使用,可以包含相同的文件多次
include 'demo1.php';
include 'demo1.php';
include 'demo1.php';
?>
output
e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e
7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b
3.14159265359
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e
7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b
3.14159265359
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e
7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b
3.14159265359
7.3.2 include_once使用上和include没什么区别,但是调用多次只会包含相同的文件一次
include_once 'demo1.php';
include_once 'demo1.php';
include_once 'demo1.php';
?>
output
e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e
7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b
3.14159265359
7.3.3 require() 语句包含并运行指定文件。
require 'demo1.php';
require 'demo1.php';
require 'demo1.php';
?>
output
e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e
7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b
3.14159265359
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e
7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b
3.14159265359
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e
7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b
3.14159265359
7.3.4 require_once() 语句在脚本执行期间包含并运行指定文件.但是不重复包含相同的文件。
require_once 'demo1.php';
require_once 'demo1.php';
require_once 'demo1.php';
?>
output
e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e
7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b
3.14159265359s
7.3.5 include与require的区别
Include后面如果还有其他代码,当调用include出错时,后面的代码还会继续执行,但是require则不会。
Include在调用一个不存在的文件时,会给出警告,但是会继续执行后面的代码。
include 'demo111.php';
echo('this is demo13.php');
?>
output
Warning: include(demo111.php) [function.include]: failed to open stream: No such file or directory in D:\AppServ\www\Basic7\demo13.php on line 2
Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'demo111.php' for inclusion (include_path='.;C:\php5\pear') in D:\AppServ\www\Basic7\demo13.php on line 2
this is demo13.php
Require在调用一个不存在的文件时,会给出一个错误,并中止代码的执行。
require 'demo111.php';
echo('this is demo14.php');
?>
Output
Warning: require(demo111.php) [function.require]: failed to open stream: No such file or directory in D:\AppServ\www\Basic7\demo14.php on line 2
Fatal error: require() [function.require]: Failed opening required 'demo111.php' (include_path='.;C:\php5\pear') in D:\AppServ\www\Basic7\demo14.php on line 2
7.4.魔法常量
名称 |
描述 |
_FILE_ |
当前文件名 |
_LINE_ |
当前行号 |
_FUNCTION_ |
当前函数名 |
_CLASS_ |
当前类名 |
_METHOD_ |
当前方法名 |
echo __FILE__;
echo '
';
echo __LINE__;
echo '
';
function funcTest()
{
echo __FUNCTION__;
}
funcTest();
?>
output
D:\AppServ\www\Basic7\demo15.php
5
funcTest

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values and handle functions that may return null values.

In PHP, use the clone keyword to create a copy of the object and customize the cloning behavior through the \_\_clone magic method. 1. Use the clone keyword to make a shallow copy, cloning the object's properties but not the object's properties. 2. The \_\_clone method can deeply copy nested objects to avoid shallow copying problems. 3. Pay attention to avoid circular references and performance problems in cloning, and optimize cloning operations to improve efficiency.

PHP is suitable for web development and content management systems, and Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and automation scripts. 1.PHP performs well in building fast and scalable websites and applications and is commonly used in CMS such as WordPress. 2. Python has performed outstandingly in the fields of data science and machine learning, with rich libraries such as NumPy and TensorFlow.

Key players in HTTP cache headers include Cache-Control, ETag, and Last-Modified. 1.Cache-Control is used to control caching policies. Example: Cache-Control:max-age=3600,public. 2. ETag verifies resource changes through unique identifiers, example: ETag: "686897696a7c876b7e". 3.Last-Modified indicates the resource's last modification time, example: Last-Modified:Wed,21Oct201507:28:00GMT.

In PHP, password_hash and password_verify functions should be used to implement secure password hashing, and MD5 or SHA1 should not be used. 1) password_hash generates a hash containing salt values to enhance security. 2) Password_verify verify password and ensure security by comparing hash values. 3) MD5 and SHA1 are vulnerable and lack salt values, and are not suitable for modern password security.

PHP is a server-side scripting language used for dynamic web development and server-side applications. 1.PHP is an interpreted language that does not require compilation and is suitable for rapid development. 2. PHP code is embedded in HTML, making it easy to develop web pages. 3. PHP processes server-side logic, generates HTML output, and supports user interaction and data processing. 4. PHP can interact with the database, process form submission, and execute server-side tasks.

PHP has shaped the network over the past few decades and will continue to play an important role in web development. 1) PHP originated in 1994 and has become the first choice for developers due to its ease of use and seamless integration with MySQL. 2) Its core functions include generating dynamic content and integrating with the database, allowing the website to be updated in real time and displayed in personalized manner. 3) The wide application and ecosystem of PHP have driven its long-term impact, but it also faces version updates and security challenges. 4) Performance improvements in recent years, such as the release of PHP7, enable it to compete with modern languages. 5) In the future, PHP needs to deal with new challenges such as containerization and microservices, but its flexibility and active community make it adaptable.

The core benefits of PHP include ease of learning, strong web development support, rich libraries and frameworks, high performance and scalability, cross-platform compatibility, and cost-effectiveness. 1) Easy to learn and use, suitable for beginners; 2) Good integration with web servers and supports multiple databases; 3) Have powerful frameworks such as Laravel; 4) High performance can be achieved through optimization; 5) Support multiple operating systems; 6) Open source to reduce development costs.


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