search
HomeOperation and MaintenanceLinux Operation and MaintenanceA detailed introduction to how to optimize MySQL in Linux

This article mainly introduces the relevant information about MySQL optimization examples in Linux. Friends who need it can refer to

Linux. Detailed explanation of MySQL optimization examples

vim /etc/my.cnf The following only lists the contents of the [mysqld] paragraph in the my.cnf file. The contents of other paragraphs have little impact on the running performance of MySQL, so for the time being neglect.

[mysqld]
port = 3306
serverid = 1
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-locking

Avoid MySQL's external locking, reduce the chance of errors and enhance stability.

skip-name-resolve

Prohibit MySQL from performing DNS resolution on external connections. Using this option can eliminate the time MySQL spends on DNS resolution. However, it should be noted that if this option is turned on, all remote host connection authorizations must use IP addresses, otherwise MySQL will not be able to process connection requests normally!

back_log = 384

The value of the back_log parameter indicates how many requests can be stored in the stack in a short period of time before MySQL temporarily stops responding to new requests. If the system has many connections in a short period of time, you need to increase the value of this parameter, which specifies the size of the listening queue for incoming TCP/IP connections. Different operating systems have their own limits on this queue size. Attempting to set back_log higher than your operating system's limit will have no effect. The default value is 50. For Linux systems, it is recommended to set it to an integer less than 512.

key_buffer_size = 256M

key_buffer_size specifies the buffer size used for indexing, increase it for better index processing performance. For servers with memory around 4GB, this parameter can be set to 256M or 384M. Note: Setting this parameter value too large will reduce the overall efficiency of the server!

max_allowed_packet = 4M
thread_stack = 256K
table_cache = 128K
sort_buffer_size = 6M

QueryThe buffer size that can be used during sorting. Note: The allocated memory corresponding to this parameter is exclusive to each connection. If there are 100 connections, then the total allocated sort buffer size is 100 × 6 = 600MB. Therefore, it is recommended to set it to 6-8M for a server with a memory of about 4GB.

read_buffer_size = 4M

The buffer size that can be used by read query operations. Like sort_buffer_size, the allocated memory corresponding to this parameter is also exclusive to each connection.

join_buffer_size = 8M

Union queryThe buffer size that can be used for the operation is the same as sort_buffer_size. The allocated memory corresponding to this parameter is also exclusive to each connection.

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
table_cache = 512
thread_cache_size = 64
query_cache_size = 64M

Specify the size of the MySQL query buffer. It can be observed in the MySQL console. If the value of Qcache_lowmem_prunes is very large, it indicates that there is often insufficient buffering. If the value of Qcache_hits is very large, it indicates that the query buffer is used very frequently. If the value is small, it will affect the efficiency. Then You can consider not querying the cache; Qcache_free_blocks, if the value is very large, it indicates that there are many fragments in the buffer.

tmp_table_size = 256M
max_connections = 768

Specify the maximum number of connection processes allowed by MySQL. If Too ManyConnections error messages often appear when accessing the forum, you need to increase the value of this parameter.

max_connect_errors = 10000000
wait_timeout = 10

Specify the maximum connection time for a request. For servers with about 4GB of memory, it can be set to 5-10.

thread_concurrency = 8

The value of this parameter is the number of server logical CPUs*2. In this example, the server has 2 physical CPUs, and each physical CPU supports H.T hyper-threading, so the actual value is 4*2 =8

skip-networking

Turning on this option can completely turn off MySQL's TCP/IP connection. If the WEB server accesses the MySQL database server through a remote connection, do not turn on this option! Otherwise, the normal connection will not be possible!

table_cache=1024

The larger the physical memory, the larger the setting. The default is 2402, adjust to 512-1024 for the best

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=4M

The default is 2M

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

Set to 0 is to wait until innodb_log_buffer_size will be stored uniformly after the queue is full. The default is 1

innodb_log_buffer_size=2M

The default is 1M

innodb_thread_concurrency=8

Set it to how many CPUs your server has. It is recommended that the default is generally 8

key_buffer_size=256M
#默认为218,调到128最佳
tmp_table_size=64M         
#默认为16M,调到64-256最挂
read_buffer_size=4M        
#默认为64K
read_rnd_buffer_size=16M    
#默认为256K
sort_buffer_size=32M       
#默认为256K
thread_cache_size=120     
#默认为60
query_cache_size=32M

It is worth noting:

Many situations require specific analysis

1. If Key_reads is too large, my should be Increase the Key_buffer_size in .cnf and keep Key_reads/Key_read_requests at least 1/100. The smaller the better.

2. If Qcache_lowmem_prunes is very large, increase the value of Query_cache_size.

The above is the detailed content of A detailed introduction to how to optimize MySQL in Linux. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Understanding Linux's Maintenance Mode: The EssentialsUnderstanding Linux's Maintenance Mode: The EssentialsApr 14, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Linux maintenance mode is entered by adding init=/bin/bash or single parameters at startup. 1. Enter maintenance mode: Edit the GRUB menu and add startup parameters. 2. Remount the file system to read and write mode: mount-oremount,rw/. 3. Repair the file system: Use the fsck command, such as fsck/dev/sda1. 4. Back up the data and operate with caution to avoid data loss.

How Debian improves Hadoop data processing speedHow Debian improves Hadoop data processing speedApr 13, 2025 am 11:54 AM

This article discusses how to improve Hadoop data processing efficiency on Debian systems. Optimization strategies cover hardware upgrades, operating system parameter adjustments, Hadoop configuration modifications, and the use of efficient algorithms and tools. 1. Hardware resource strengthening ensures that all nodes have consistent hardware configurations, especially paying attention to CPU, memory and network equipment performance. Choosing high-performance hardware components is essential to improve overall processing speed. 2. Operating system tunes file descriptors and network connections: Modify the /etc/security/limits.conf file to increase the upper limit of file descriptors and network connections allowed to be opened at the same time by the system. JVM parameter adjustment: Adjust in hadoop-env.sh file

How to learn Debian syslogHow to learn Debian syslogApr 13, 2025 am 11:51 AM

This guide will guide you to learn how to use Syslog in Debian systems. Syslog is a key service in Linux systems for logging system and application log messages. It helps administrators monitor and analyze system activity to quickly identify and resolve problems. 1. Basic knowledge of Syslog The core functions of Syslog include: centrally collecting and managing log messages; supporting multiple log output formats and target locations (such as files or networks); providing real-time log viewing and filtering functions. 2. Install and configure Syslog (using Rsyslog) The Debian system uses Rsyslog by default. You can install it with the following command: sudoaptupdatesud

How to choose Hadoop version in DebianHow to choose Hadoop version in DebianApr 13, 2025 am 11:48 AM

When choosing a Hadoop version suitable for Debian system, the following key factors need to be considered: 1. Stability and long-term support: For users who pursue stability and security, it is recommended to choose a Debian stable version, such as Debian11 (Bullseye). This version has been fully tested and has a support cycle of up to five years, which can ensure the stable operation of the system. 2. Package update speed: If you need to use the latest Hadoop features and features, you can consider Debian's unstable version (Sid). However, it should be noted that unstable versions may have compatibility issues and stability risks. 3. Community support and resources: Debian has huge community support, which can provide rich documentation and

TigerVNC share file method on DebianTigerVNC share file method on DebianApr 13, 2025 am 11:45 AM

This article describes how to use TigerVNC to share files on Debian systems. You need to install the TigerVNC server first and then configure it. 1. Install the TigerVNC server and open the terminal. Update the software package list: sudoaptupdate to install TigerVNC server: sudoaptinstalltigervnc-standalone-servertigervnc-common 2. Configure TigerVNC server to set VNC server password: vncpasswd Start VNC server: vncserver:1-localhostno

Debian mail server firewall configuration tipsDebian mail server firewall configuration tipsApr 13, 2025 am 11:42 AM

Configuring a Debian mail server's firewall is an important step in ensuring server security. The following are several commonly used firewall configuration methods, including the use of iptables and firewalld. Use iptables to configure firewall to install iptables (if not already installed): sudoapt-getupdatesudoapt-getinstalliptablesView current iptables rules: sudoiptables-L configuration

Debian mail server SSL certificate installation methodDebian mail server SSL certificate installation methodApr 13, 2025 am 11:39 AM

The steps to install an SSL certificate on the Debian mail server are as follows: 1. Install the OpenSSL toolkit First, make sure that the OpenSSL toolkit is already installed on your system. If not installed, you can use the following command to install: sudoapt-getupdatesudoapt-getinstallopenssl2. Generate private key and certificate request Next, use OpenSSL to generate a 2048-bit RSA private key and a certificate request (CSR): openss

Debian mail server virtual host configuration methodDebian mail server virtual host configuration methodApr 13, 2025 am 11:36 AM

Configuring a virtual host for mail servers on a Debian system usually involves installing and configuring mail server software (such as Postfix, Exim, etc.) rather than Apache HTTPServer, because Apache is mainly used for web server functions. The following are the basic steps for configuring a mail server virtual host: Install Postfix Mail Server Update System Package: sudoaptupdatesudoaptupgrade Install Postfix: sudoapt

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
WWE 2K25: How To Unlock Everything In MyRise
4 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

DVWA

DVWA

Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software

EditPlus Chinese cracked version

EditPlus Chinese cracked version

Small size, syntax highlighting, does not support code prompt function

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser is a secure browser environment for taking online exams securely. This software turns any computer into a secure workstation. It controls access to any utility and prevents students from using unauthorized resources.