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HomeOperation and MaintenanceLinux Operation and MaintenanceA detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name

Nginx 服务绑定域名的方法

以 YUM 安装的 Nginx 为例,域名绑定需要编辑 Nginx 的配置文件完成,Nginx 配置文件是 /etc/A detailed introduction to how to configure a A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain namesite on a Linux server and bind a domain name/A detailed introduction to how to configure a A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain namesite on a Linux server and bind a domain name.conf,将默认的server {...}配置修改成如下:

A detailed introduction to how to configure a A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain namesite on a Linux server and bind a domain name

修改后的意思是:

1、访问 www.123.com,会跳转到 /home/A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name1 目录;

2、访问 www.abc.com,会跳转到 /home/A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name2 目录。

修改之后重启 Nginx 服务即可。


Tomcat 服务绑定域名的方法

 域名绑定需要编辑 Tomcat 的配置文件完成,Tomcat 配置文件是 $TOMCAT_HOME/conf/server.xml$TOMCAT_HOME 是 Tomcat 的安装目录。

A detailed introduction to how to configure a A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain namesite on a Linux server and bind a domain nameA detailed introduction to how to configure a A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain namesite on a Linux server and bind a domain name

 将上述内容修改为:

A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name

修改后的意思是:

1、访问 www.abc.com,会默认跳转到 /data/wwwroot/default 目录;

2、访问服务器的 IP 地址 120.76.210.250,会默认跳转到 /data/wwwroot/A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name 目录;

修改之后重启 Tomcat 服务器,即可生效。

Apache 服务绑定域名的方法

例如使用一键安装包配置的 Apache 环境,添加网站配置方法如下:

1、进入站点配置文件目录,命令如下:

cd /alidata/server/httpd/conf/vhosts/

2、创建一个新的配置文件,命令如下:

vi aa.conf

3、按键盘上的字母 “i” ,开始编辑文件,将下面的内容复制过去。 

Order allow,denyDeny from allDocumentRoot /alidata/www/testServerName www.test.comServerAlias test.comErrorLog “/alidata/log/httpd/test-error.log”CustomLog “/alidata/log/httpd/test.log”

<strong>注意:</strong>对应的日志名字也需要自己修改一下,可以区分网站的日志信息

4、重启 Apache 测试,命令如下:

/alidata/server/httpd/bin/apachectl restart

Apache 服务配置实现多域名跳转

例如程序的目录为 /var/www/html

网站目录结构

A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name

Apache 核心配置内容:

主要是开启 Apache 的虚拟主机功能,配置对应的虚拟主机到对应的目录即可。

A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name

A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name

实现效果:

使用a.example.com访问时,是访问到/var/www/html/a目录

使用b.example.com访问时,是访问到/var/www/html/b目录

使用c.example.com访问时,是访问到/var/www/html/c目录

 

Apache 服务配置二级域名

1、拥有一个有泛域名解析的顶级域名,例如: aliyun.com

2、在 httpd.conf 中打开 mod_rewrite 模块

3、在 httpd.conf 的最后,添加以下内容:

RewriteEngine onRewriteMap lowercase int:tolowerRewriteMap vhost txt:/usr/local/etc/apache/vhost.mapRewriteCond ${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}} ^(.+)$RewriteCond ${vhost:%1} ^(/.)$RewriteRule ^/(.)$ %1/$1

注意:其中的 /usr/local/etc/apache 是你的 Apache 服务器配置文件所在路径,根据实际情况更改。

4、在这个所在路径的目录下创建一个文件: vhost.map

www.aliyun.com /usr/local/www/data-dist/aliyunbbs.aliyun.com /usr/local/www/data-dist/aliyunbbsanyname.aliyun.com /usr/local/www/data-dist/anyname

注意:以上部分都是:” 域名+空格+绝对路径” 的形式。

5、在你的网站根目录 /usr/local/www/data-dist 下,创建对应目录:aliyun , bbs , anyname 等等,理论上可以无限。

这样,通过浏览器,访问 www.aliyun.com 时,实际上访问的就是 /usr/local/www/data-dist/aliyun目录下的文件。

同理,访问 bbs.aliyun.com 实际上访问的就是 /usr/local/www/data-dist/aliyunbbs 目录下的文件。

而且,你可以随时更改 vhost.map 来增加、删除、修改你的二级域名和所指向的实际路径,不用重启 Apache。

 

Apache 禁止未经许可的域名访问 ECS 上的网站

问题现象

有时 ECS 上的网站会被人恶意指向,譬如说您的 ECS 的 IP 地址为 123.123.123.123,正常服务的域名为 www.abc.com,但是此时有恶意用户使用其他的域名,恶意指向到您的网站;

如恶意用户注册了一个域名 www.fake.com,然后指向到了 IP 123.123.123.123,这样会使访问原本不属于您网站的域名 www.fake.com 也会出现您的网站内容。

解决方案

通过 Apache 的虚拟主机可以变通的解决这个问题。

测试场景:

服务器上有两个网站,分别为 t1.huigher.cn/ 和 p1.huigher.cn/

Apache 版本为 2.2.15

打开 Apache 的配置文件,CentOS 下默认位置在 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf,在其中加入以下内容

注意:以实际 Apache 配置文件路径为准

1、 首先是加入以下代码,告知 Apache 使用了基于 host 名的虚拟主机功能:

NameVirtualHost *:80

2、 然后加入以下代码,作用是当客户端携带的host头不在之后设置的网站域名内时,指向一个 403 错误页面告知用户域名非法,

其中 DocumentRoot 即是放置错误提示页面的目录,在下面可以放置一个简单的 html 页面提示用户访问的域名非法 

A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name

 3、 最后加入以下代码,告知 Apache 合法的网站主机头,这个代码块根据实际情况修改内容,该实例中加入了两个网站,分别是 p1.huigher.cn 和 t1.huigher.cn

A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name

4、 最后重新启动 Apache 就可以看到效果了

5、若希望使用其他域名访问时直接返回 403 错误,可以在第二步中将代码改为以下形式:

 A detailed introduction to how to configure a website on a Linux server and bind a domain name

重启 Apachye 后再使用其他域名访问就会直接返回 403 错误了。

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