STHML tutorial(4)

1. Config command

The Config command is mainly used to modify the default settings of SSI. in:

Errmsg: Set the default error message. In order to return the user-set error message normally, the Errmsg parameter must be placed in front of other SSI commands in the HTML file. Otherwise, the client can only display the default error message instead of the custom message set by the user.

Timefmt: Defines the format used for dates and times. The Timefmt parameter must be used before the echo command.

The displayed result is:

Wednesday, April 12, 2000

Maybe the user is unfamiliar with the %A %B %d used in the above example. Below we will summarize some of the more commonly used date and time formats in SSI in table form.

Sizefmt: Determines whether file size is expressed in bytes, kilobytes, or megabytes. If in bytes, the parameter value is "bytes"; abbreviations may be used for kilobytes and megabytes. Similarly, the sizefmt parameter must be placed in front of the fsize command to be used.

2. Include command

The Include command can insert text or pictures from other documents into the currently parsed document, which is the key to the entire SSI. With the Include command, you only need to change one file to instantly update the entire site!

The Include command has two different parameters:

Virtual: Gives a virtual path to a document on the server side.
File: Gives a relative path to the current directory, in which "../" cannot be used, and absolute paths cannot be used.

This requires each directory to contain a header.html file.

3. Echo command

The Echo command can display the following environment variables:

DOCUMENT_NAME: Displays the name of the current document.
DOCUMENT_URI: Displays the virtual path of the current document. For example:

As your website continues to grow, those longer and longer URL addresses are bound to cause headaches. If you use SSI, everything will be solved. Because we can combine the domain name of the website and the SSI command to display the complete URL, namely:

http://YourDomain

QUERY_STRING_UNESCAPED: Displays the query string sent by the client without escaping, in which all special characters are preceded by the escape character "\". For example:

DATE_LOCAL: Displays the date and time in the server's set time zone. Users can customize the output information by combining the timefmt parameter of the config command. For example:

The displayed result is:

Saturday, the 15 of April, in the year 2000

DATE_GMT: The function is the same as DATE_LOCAL, except that it returns a date based on Greenwich Mean Time. For example:

LAST_MODIFIED: Displays the last update time of the current document. Similarly, this is a very practical function in SSI. As long as you add the following simple line of text to the HTML document, the update time can be displayed dynamically on the page.

CGI environment variables

In addition to SSI environment variables, the echo command can also display the following CGI environment variables:

SERVER_SOFTWARE: Displays the name and version of the server software. For example:

SERVER_NAME: Displays the server’s hostname, DNS alias, or IP address. For example:

SERVER_PROTOCOL: Displays the protocol name and version used by the client request, such as HTTP/1.0. For example:

SERVER_PORT: Displays the server's response port. For example:

REQUEST_METHOD: Displays the client's document request method, including GET, HEAD, and POST. For example:

REMOTE_HOST: Displays the client host name that issued the request information.

REMOTE_ADDR: Displays the IP address of the client that issued the request information.

AUTH_TYPE: Displays the authentication method of user identity.

REMOTE_USER: Displays the account name of the user accessing the protected page.

4. Fsize: Displays the size of the specified file. The output format can be customized by combining the sizefmt parameter of the config command.

5. Flastmod: Displays the last modification date of the specified file. The output format can be controlled by combining the timefmt parameter of the config command.

Here, we can use the flashmod parameter to display the update dates of all linked pages on a page. Methods as below:

File

Another File

The displayed result is:

File April 19, 2000
Another File January 08, 2000

6.Exec

The Exec command can execute CGI scripts or shell commands. How to use it:

Cmd: Use /bin/sh to execute the specified string. If SSI uses the IncludesNOEXEC option, this command will be blocked.
Cgi: Can be used to execute CGI scripts. For example, in the following example, the counter.pl script in the cgi-bin directory of the server is used to place a counter on each page:

About the difference between SHTML and HTML

Let us first take a look at the difference between SHTML and HTML. If we explain it in one sentence: SHTML is not HTML but a server API, and shtml is html dynamically generated by the server.

Although both are hypertext formats, shtml is a file used in SSI technology. That is, Server Side Include--SSI server side includes instructions. If the Web Server has SSI function, most (especially based on Unix platform) WEB servers, such as Netscape Enterprise Server, etc. support SSI commands.

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