错误时微信会返回错误码等信息,JSON数据包示例如下(该示例为AppID无效错误):
{"errcode":40013,"errmsg":"invalid appid"}
根据上面的信息,我们定义一个用户信息类来存放用户的基本信息。
package com.souvc.weixin.pojo;
/**
* 类名: WeixinUserInfo </br>
* 描述: 微信用户的基本信息 </br>
* 开发人员: souvc </br>
* 创建时间: 2015-11-27 </br>
* 发布版本:V1.0 </br>
*/
public class WeixinUserInfo {
// 用户的标识
private String openId;
// 关注状态(1是关注,0是未关注),未关注时获取不到其余信息
private int subscribe;
// 用户关注时间,为时间戳。如果用户曾多次关注,则取最后关注时间
private String subscribeTime;
// 昵称
private String nickname;
// 用户的性别(1是男性,2是女性,0是未知)
private int sex;
// 用户所在国家
private String country;
// 用户所在省份
private String province;
// 用户所在城市
private String city;
// 用户的语言,简体中文为zh_CN
private String language;
// 用户头像
private String headImgUrl;
public String getOpenId() {
return openId;
}
public void setOpenId(String openId) {
this.openId = openId;
}
public int getSubscribe() {
return subscribe;
}
public void setSubscribe(int subscribe) {
this.subscribe = subscribe;
}
public String getSubscribeTime() {
return subscribeTime;
}
public void setSubscribeTime(String subscribeTime) {
this.subscribeTime = subscribeTime;
}
public String getNickname() {
return nickname;
}
public void setNickname(String nickname) {
this.nickname = nickname;
}
public int getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(int sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getCountry() {
return country;
}
public void setCountry(String country) {
this.country = country;
}
public String getProvince() {
return province;
}
public void setProvince(String province) {
this.province = province;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getLanguage() {
return language;
}
public void setLanguage(String language) {
this.language = language;
}
public String getHeadImgUrl() {
return headImgUrl;
}
public void setHeadImgUrl(String headImgUrl) {
this.headImgUrl = headImgUrl;
}
}
我们先来看看获取用户信息的接口:
https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID&lang=zh_CN
根据分析,获取用户的基本信息需要一个token。
package com.souvc.weixin.pojo;
/**
* 类名: Token </br>
* 描述: 凭证 </br>
* 开发人员: souvc </br>
* 创建时间: 2015-11-27 </br>
* 发布版本:V1.0 </br>
*/
public class Token {
// 接口访问凭证
private String accessToken;
// 凭证有效期,单位:秒
private int expiresIn;
public String getAccessToken() {
return accessToken;
}
public void setAccessToken(String accessToken) {
this.accessToken = accessToken;
}
public int getExpiresIn() {
return expiresIn;
}
public void setExpiresIn(int expiresIn) {
this.expiresIn = expiresIn;
}
}
https请求,需要的信任管理器
package com.souvc.weixin.util;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
/**
* 类名: MyX509TrustManager </br>
* 描述:信任管理器 </br>
* 开发人员: souvc </br>
* 创建时间: 2015-11-27 </br>
* 发布版本:V1.0 </br>
*/
public class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
// 检查客户端证书
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
// 检查服务器端证书
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
// 返回受信任的X509证书数组
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
}
封装了一个公共类:
package com.souvc.weixin.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import net.sf.json.JSONException;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.souvc.weixin.pojo.Token;
/**
* 类名: CommonUtil </br>
* 描述: 通用工具类 </br>
* 开发人员: souvc </br>
* 创建时间: 2015-11-27 </br>
* 发布版本:V1.0 </br>
*/
public class CommonUtil {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CommonUtil.class);
// 凭证获取(GET)
public final static String token_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";
/**
* 发送https请求
*
* @param requestUrl 请求地址
* @param requestMethod 请求方式(GET、POST)
* @param outputStr 提交的数据
* @return JSONObject(通过JSONObject.get(key)的方式获取json对象的属性值)
*/
public static JSONObject httpsRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr) {
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
try {
// 创建SSLContext对象,并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化
TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() };
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE");
sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());
// 从上述SSLContext对象中得到SSLSocketFactory对象
SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setUseCaches(false);
// 设置请求方式(GET/POST)
conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
// 当outputStr不为null时向输出流写数据
if (null != outputStr) {
OutputStream outputStream = conn.getOutputStream();
// 注意编码格式
outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));
outputStream.close();
}
// 从输入流读取返回内容
InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
String str = null;
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(str);
}
// 释放资源
bufferedReader.close();
inputStreamReader.close();
inputStream.close();
inputStream = null;
conn.disconnect();
jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString());
} catch (ConnectException ce) {
log.error("连接超时:{}", ce);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("https请求异常:{}", e);
}
return jsonObject;
}
/**
* 获取接口访问凭证
*
* @param appid 凭证
* @param appsecret 密钥
* @return
*/
public static Token getToken(String appid, String appsecret) {
Token token = null;
String requestUrl = token_url.replace("APPID", appid).replace("APPSECRET", appsecret);
// 发起GET请求获取凭证
JSONObject jsonObject = httpsRequest(requestUrl, "GET", null);
if (null != jsonObject) {
try {
token = new Token();
token.setAccessToken(jsonObject.getString("access_token"));
token.setExpiresIn(jsonObject.getInt("expires_in"));
} catch (JSONException e) {
token = null;
// 获取token失败
log.error("获取token失败 errcode:{} errmsg:{}", jsonObject.getInt("errcode"), jsonObject.getString("errmsg"));
}
}
return token;
}
/**
* URL编码(utf-8)
*
* @param source
* @return
*/
public static String urlEncodeUTF8(String source) {
String result = source;
try {
result = java.net.URLEncoder.encode(source, "utf-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
/**
* 根据内容类型判断文件扩展名
*
* @param contentType 内容类型
* @return
*/
public static String getFileExt(String contentType) {
String fileExt = "";
if ("image/jpeg".equals(contentType))
fileExt = ".jpg";
else if ("audio/mpeg".equals(contentType))
fileExt = ".mp3";
else if ("audio/amr".equals(contentType))
fileExt = ".amr";
else if ("video/mp4".equals(contentType))
fileExt = ".mp4";
else if ("video/mpeg4".equals(contentType))
fileExt = ".mp4";
return fileExt;
}
}
获取用户基本信息的方法:
/**
* 获取用户信息
*
* @param accessToken 接口访问凭证
* @param openId 用户标识
* @return WeixinUserInfo
*/
public static WeixinUserInfo getUserInfo(String accessToken, String openId) {
WeixinUserInfo weixinUserInfo = null;
// 拼接请求地址
String requestUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID";
requestUrl = requestUrl.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken).replace("OPENID", openId);
// 获取用户信息
JSONObject jsonObject = CommonUtil.httpsRequest(requestUrl, "GET", null);
if (null != jsonObject) {
try {
weixinUserInfo = new WeixinUserInfo();
// 用户的标识
weixinUserInfo.setOpenId(jsonObject.getString("openid"));
// 关注状态(1是关注,0是未关注),未关注时获取不到其余信息
weixinUserInfo.setSubscribe(jsonObject.getInt("subscribe"));
// 用户关注时间
weixinUserInfo.setSubscribeTime(jsonObject.getString("subscribe_time"));
// 昵称
weixinUserInfo.setNickname(jsonObject.getString("nickname"));
// 用户的性别(1是男性,2是女性,0是未知)
weixinUserInfo.setSex(jsonObject.getInt("sex"));
// 用户所在国家
weixinUserInfo.setCountry(jsonObject.getString("country"));
// 用户所在省份
weixinUserInfo.setProvince(jsonObject.getString("province"));
// 用户所在城市
weixinUserInfo.setCity(jsonObject.getString("city"));
// 用户的语言,简体中文为zh_CN
weixinUserInfo.setLanguage(jsonObject.getString("language"));
// 用户头像
weixinUserInfo.setHeadImgUrl(jsonObject.getString("headimgurl"));
} catch (Exception e) {
if (0 == weixinUserInfo.getSubscribe()) {
log.error("用户{}已取消关注", weixinUserInfo.getOpenId());
} else {
int errorCode = jsonObject.getInt("errcode");
String errorMsg = jsonObject.getString("errmsg");
log.error("获取用户信息失败 errcode:{} errmsg:{}", errorCode, errorMsg);
}
}
}
return weixinUserInfo;
}
测试的方法:注意将以下替换为自己的appid和秘钥。
public static void main(String args[]) {
// 获取接口访问凭证
String accessToken = CommonUtil.getToken("xxxx", "xxxx").getAccessToken();
/**
* 获取用户信息
*/
WeixinUserInfo user = getUserInfo(accessToken, "ooK-yuJvd9gEegH6nRIen-gnLrVw");
System.out.println("OpenID:" + user.getOpenId());
System.out.println("关注状态:" + user.getSubscribe());
System.out.println("关注时间:" + user.getSubscribeTime());
System.out.println("昵称:" + user.getNickname());
System.out.println("性别:" + user.getSex());
System.out.println("国家:" + user.getCountry());
System.out.println("省份:" + user.getProvince());
System.out.println("城市:" + user.getCity());
System.out.println("语言:" + user.getLanguage());
System.out.println("头像:" + user.getHeadImgUrl());
}
效果如下:
OpenID:ooK-yuJvd9gEegH6nRIen-gnLrVw
关注状态:1
关注时间:1449021142
昵称:风少
性别:1
国家:中国
省份:广东
城市:广州
语言:zh_CN
头像:http://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/lOZIEvyfCa7aZQ7CkiamdpQicUDnGDEC0nzb7ZALjdl3TzFVFEHWM1AFqEXnicNIDeh0IQYTt0NrIP06ibg4W5WflASfFfX9qqib0/0