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XML Getting Started Tutorial: A Detailed Introduction to the XHTM Module

黄舟
黄舟Original
2017-03-11 17:26:421964browse

XHTML is a standard recommended by the W3C, which defines an XML-compatible version of HTML. XHTML document is a valid XML document, so the writing format is stricter than HTML.                     ​ XHTML is a standard recommended by the W3C that defines an XML-compatible version of HTML. An XHTML document is a valid XML document, so it is edited
​                     XHTML is a standard recommended by the W3C that defines an XML-compatible version of HTML. XHTML document is a valid XML document, so the writing format is stricter than HTML.                    
XHTML is a standard recommended by W3C, which defines an XML-compatible version of HTML. XHTML document is a valid XML document, so the writing format is stricter than HTML. If you need to convert from an HTML document to an XHTML document, you need to make the following changes:

  • It is not allowed to omit the closing tag in XHTML, so you need to fill in the missing tags. ​​​​​​​

  • Elements need to be nested in the correct order.                   

  • All element and attribute names are lowercase. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

  • Attribute values ​​need to be added in quotation marks, such as 0511ef35f46864c22a06c599220d1c6f.                 

  • All attributes must have attribute values.

  • Use physical forms such as & and & lt; and so on. ​​​​​​​

  • Make sure the document has a single root element, preferably html. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

  • Empty elements like f32b48428a809b51f04d3228cdf461fa should be changed to fa8fd94cc4b4d9671e4ee513ae2a31d1 or f32b48428a809b51f04d3228cdf461fafa8fd94cc4b4d9671e4ee513ae2a31d1.                  

  • Comments should be changed from the form of ba73044524f61eec660057307d02f6d6 to 8cfb60cc12042e443af25dd0030f4295. ​​​​​​​

  • The document encoding should be UTF-8 or UTF-16, or add an XML declaration to specify the encoding method of the document. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

  • Non-standard elements need to be removed. Such as: marguee. ​​​​​​​

  • Add a DOCTYPE declaration and use PUBLIC to point to one of the three DTDs of XHTML. They are Strict, Transitional and Frameset. Strict is generally used.

    • Strict (strict), the XHTML format recommended by W3C. Excludes some non-standard elements and attributes, such as applet and center. The declaration method is as follows:


    • Transitional (transitional), a less strict XHTML format, can use some non-standard elements and attributes, such as applet and bgcolor. The declaration method is as follows: 

    • <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"

                     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

    • Frameset (frame type), similar to the transitional DTD, allows the use of frame-related elements, such as frameset and iframe. The declaration method is as follows: 

    • <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"

                     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

    • The root element of the document must have the xmlns attribute, identifying the default namespace http://www.php. cn/. 

    • <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"

                     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">

    • The following is an example of a standard XHTML document:

    • Converting from HTML to XHTML is boring As for the tedious work, there is now an open source tool called tidy that can help us complete most of the work. It is a C program and the usage method is as follows: 

    • <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"

                     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">







xhtml example





...

    • % tidy --output-xhtml yes test.html test.xml

    • XHTML 1.1 divides the three DTDs of XHTML into independent modules. We may include or omit certain modules based on actual circumstances.

      • ##Structure Module (structure module) --->%xhtml-struct.module;, contains the main elements of HTML documents, such as: html, head, title and body .

      • Text Module (text module)--->%xhtml-text.module;, contains the basic elements of text and its inline elements, such as: h1, h2,... ., strong, span, etc.                  

      • Hypertext Module (hyperlink module)--->%xhtml-hypertext.module;, contains elements for links, such as: a element.

      • List Module (list module)--->%xhtml-list.module;, contains elements for lists, such as: dl, dt, dd, ul, ol and li. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

      • Applet Module (applet module)--->%xhtml-applet.module;, elements required by Java, such as: applet and param.              

      • Presentation Module (presentation module)--->%xhtml-pres.module;, presentation-oriented tags: b, big, hr, I, small, sub, sup and tt.                

      • Edit Module (Edit Module)--->%xhtml-edit.module;, used for modified elements, such as: del and ins.                  

      • Bidirectional Text Module (text direction module)--->%xhtml-bdo.module;, used to specify the direction of text reading, such as the bdo element.

      • Basic Forms Module (Basic Form Module)--->%xhtml-basic-form.module;, used for HTML 3.2 form elements, such as: form, input, select , option and textarea.

      • Forms Module (form module)--->%xhtml-form.module;, used for HTML 4.0 form elements, such as: form, input, select, option, textarea , button, fieldset, label, legend and optgroup.

      • Basic Tables Module (Basic Table Module)--->%xhtml-basic-table.module;, basic table elements, such as: table, caption, th, tr and td.

      • Table Module (table module)--->%xhtml-table.module;, table support for security functions, such as: table, caption, th, tr, td, col , colgroup, tbody, thead and tfoot. ​​

      • Image Module (image module)--->%xhtml-image.module;, contains the img element.

      • Client-side Image Map Module (client-side image mapping module)--->%xhtml-csismap.module;, contains map and area elements and supports client-side image mapping The required attribute of the element.

      • Server-side-Image Map Module (server-side image mapping module)--->%xhtml-ssismap.module;, this module does not add new elements, but for the img element Added an ismap attribute. ​ ​ ​

      • ##Object Module (object module)--->%xhtml-object.module;, used to embed executable content in web pages, such as java programs. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

      • Param Module (parameter module)--->%xhtml-param.module;, the param element that passes parameters in the executable content of the web page.                  

      • Frames Module (frame module)--->%xhtml-frames.module;, contains the elements required to implement the framework, such as: frame, frameset and noframes. ​​​​​​​​

      • Iframe Module (inline frame module)--->%xhtml-iframe.module;, contains the iframe element of the inline frame. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

      • Intrinsic Events (intrinsic event module)--->%xhtml-events.module;, supports attributes of scripts such as onSubmit and onFocus.                      

      • Meta-information Module (meta-information module)--->%xhtml-meta.module;, contains meta elements. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

      • Scripting Module (script module)--->%xhtml-script.module;, supports JavaScript and other scripts.                    

      • Stylesheet Module (style sheet module)--->%xhtml-style.module;, used to define the style element of CSS.                  

      • Link Module (link module)--->%xhtml-link.module;, specifies the link element of external files, such as style sheets, libraries, etc. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

      • Base Modue (base module)--->%xhtml-base.module;, contains the base element, specifying the base URL referenced for parsing relative URLs.                  

      • Target Module (target module)--->%xhtml-target.module;, used to specify the target frame or the target attribute of a window in the frame.                  

      • Style Attribute Module (style attribute module)--->%xhtml-inlstyle.module;, applies CSS styles to the style attribute of a single element in the document. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

      • Name Identification Module (name identification module)--->%xhtml-nameident.module;, the name attribute is an early version of the id attribute, and is now deprecated.

      • Legacy Module (traditional module)--->%xhtml-legacy.module;, deprecated elements and attributes, such as: basefont, center, fonts, strike and u element.

      • Ruby Module (Ruby module)--->%xhtml-ruby.module;, ruby, rbc, rtc used in East Asian texts to place a small amount of text next to the main text , rb, rt and rp elements are generally used to indicate pronunciation.

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