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Introduction to the basic usage of property decorators in Python

高洛峰
高洛峰Original
2017-03-08 11:16:051871browse

  Python的@property装饰器用来把一个类的方法变成类的属性调用,然后@property本身又创建了另一个装饰器,用一个方法给属性赋值。下面是在类中使用了@property后,设置类的读写属性,只读和只写属性。

  all方法设置的是读写属性,可以设置这个属性,也可以读取这个属性,如28行所示,如果没有定义__init__()方法的话,只能首先设置了这个属性才能使用这个属性。在32行中,如果想知道write属性的值,也是会报错的。而在34行中,也是没有办法继续给readonly这个制度属性赋值的。这里使用了@property之后,可以实现Python“私有变量”,当然不是真正的私有,真正的私有比较复杂,不过也可以通过@property实现?在之后学习了再写。

class UseProperty(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self._all = 233

    @property
    def all(self):
        return self._all

    @all.setter
    def all(self, v):
        self._all = v

    @property
    def readonly(self):
        return self._all

    @property
    def write(self):
        raise AttributeError('This is not a readonly attribute.')

    @write.setter
    def write(self, value):
        self._write = value


p = UseProperty()
print p.all
p.all = 100
print p.all
p.write = 233
# print p.write
print p.readonly
# p.readonly = 10


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