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android sax parsing xml method

Feb 09, 2017 pm 02:05 PM
android

下面说明第一种解析sax解析方式:

SAX是一个解析速度快并且占用内存少的xml解析器,非常适合用于Android等移动设备。 SAX解析XML文件采用的是事件驱动,也就是说,它并不需要解析完整个文档,在按内容顺序解析文档的过程中,SAX会判断当前读到的字符是否合法XML语法中的某部分,如果符合就会触发事件。所谓事件,其实就是一些回调(callback)方法,这些方法(事件)定义在ContentHandler接口。下面是一些ContentHandler接口常用的方法: 

startDocument() 当遇到文档的开头的时候,调用这个方法,可以在其中做一些预处理的工作。 
endDocument() 和上面的方法相对应,当文档结束的时候,调用这个方法,可以在其中做一些善后的工作。 

startElement(String namespaceURI, String localName, String qName, Attributes atts)


当读到一个开始标签的时候,会触发这个方法。namespaceURI就是命名空间,localName是不带命名空间前缀的标签名,qName是带命名空间前缀的标签名。通过atts可以得到所有的属性名和相应的值。要注意的是SAX中一个重要的特点就是它的流式处理,当遇到一个标签的时候,它并不会纪录下以前所碰到的标签,也就是说,在startElement()方法中,所有你所知道的信息,就是标签的名字和属性,至于标签的嵌套结构,上层标签的名字,是否有子元属等等其它与结构相关的信息,都是不得而知的,都需要你的程序来完成。这使得SAX在编程处理上没有DOM来得那么方便。 

endElement(String uri, String localName, String name) 这个方法和上面的方法相对应,在遇到结束标签的时候,调用这个方法。 
characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)

 
这个方法用来处理在XML文件中读到的内容,第一个参数为文件的字符串内容,后面两个参数是读到的字符串在这个数组中的起始位置和长度,使用new String(ch,start,length)就可以获取内容。

xml的源文件和android dom 解析xml方式中的xml 文件内容相同,可以参照那个文件来解析,只是名称不同而已,

android sax parsing xml method

这个途中图中有三个saxTest.xml文件,分别对应三种不同的读取方式

<pre name="code" class="html">  // 读取类得包下的xml文件  
//  InputStream inputStream =  
//  this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("cn/com/sax/saxTest.xml");  
    //读取src下xml文件  
    InputStream inputStream =  
    this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("saxTest.xml");  
    // 读取assets下的xml文件  
//  InputStream inputStream = this.getAssets().open("saxTest.xml");
  
  
第一种方式解析xml 主要是继承DefaultHandler,实现其中的几个方法  

下面放出我解析的源码:

/**  
     * 用sax解析xml的第一种方式  
     * @return  
     */  
    private String saxParse(){  
        SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();  
        SAXParser parser;  
        String xmlStr = "第一种解析方式:\n";  
        try {  
            // 读取类得包下的xml文件  
//           InputStream inputStream =  
//           this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("cn/com/sax/saxTest.xml");  
            //读取src下xml文件  
            InputStream inputStream =  
                 this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("saxTest.xml");  
            // 读取assets下的xml文件  
//          InputStream inputStream = this.getAssets().open("saxTest.xml");  
            parser = factory.newSAXParser();  
            SaxParseHandler personHandler = new SaxParseHandler();  
            parser.parse(inputStream, personHandler);  
  
            xmlStr = xmlStr + personHandler.parseToString();  
        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
            Log.e("TEST", "" + e.toString());  
        } catch (SAXException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
            Log.e("TEST", "" + e.toString());  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
            Log.e("TEST", "" + e.toString());  
        }  
        return xmlStr;  
    }

继承DefaultHandler处理xml中的元素节点。

<span style="font-size:13px;">class SaxParseHandler extends DefaultHandler {  
  
        String result;  
  
        public String parseToString() {  
            return result;  
  
        }  
  
        String str = null;  
        /**  
         * xml开始时,执行此函数  
         */  
        @Override  
        public void startDocument() throws SAXException {  
//          Log.e("TEST", "startDocument");  
        }  
        /**  
         * xml结束时,执行此函数  
         */  
        @Override  
        public void endDocument() throws SAXException {  
//          Log.e("TEST", "endDocument");  
        }  
  
        /**  
         * xml标签开始时,执行此函数,读取标签名称,和标签内的属性  
         */  
        @Override  
        public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,  
                Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {  
            if ("group".equals(localName)) {  
                String groupName = attributes.getValue(0);  
                String num = attributes.getValue(1);  
                result = result + "groupName=" + groupName + " num =" + num  
                        + "\n";  
            } else if ("person".equals(localName)) {  
                String personName = attributes.getValue(0);  
                String age = attributes.getValue(1);  
                // 和getValue(1)等效  
                // String txt = attributes.getValue("age");  
                result = result + "personName" + personName + " age=" + age  
                        + "\n";  
            } else {  
                str = localName;  
            }  
  
//          Log.e("TEST", "startElement");  
        }  
        /**  
         * xml标签结束时,执行此函数  
         */  
        @Override  
        public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)  
                throws SAXException {  
            str = null;  
//          Log.e("TEST", "endElement");  
        }  
        /**  
         * 解析标签内的值,如<chinese>ssss</chinese>,为了读取"ssss"  
         */  
        @Override  
        public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)  
                throws SAXException {  
            if (str != null) {  
                String data = new String(ch, start, length);  
                //xml文件格式化的时候容易产生以下换行,制表符等特殊字符,  
                //这些需要特别注意处理  
                Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\s*|\t|\r|\n");   
                Matcher m = p.matcher(data);   
                data = m.replaceAll("");   
                  
                if ("chinese".equals(str)) {  
                    if(!data.equals("")){  
                        String chinese = data;  
                        result = result + "chinese=" + chinese;  
                    }  
                } else if ("english".equals(str)) {  
                    if(!data.equals("")){  
                        String english = data;  
                        result = result + "english=" + english + "\n";  
                    }  
                }  
            }  
        }  
    }</span>

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