First let’s talk about the placement of JavaScript: <script> and </script> can be placed between the head and the body, or in the body or in the head.
The six major functions of JavaScript:
1 Directly output in script
document.write("<h1 id="This-nbsp-is-nbsp-a-nbsp-heading">This is a heading</h1>");//document.write表输出，括号中h1标签同样有效
2React to events
<button type="button" onclick="alert('Welcome!')"> //点击这里</button>//onclick代表当点击是触发事件，alert会弹框
3Change HTML content
x=document.getElementById("demo") //查找元素 ，通过id得到某一个元素，就像我之前做的笔记说id只能用一次所以是唯一的。
x.innerHTML="Hello JavaScript"; //改变内容，通过触发事件会是这个元素的值发生改变
4Change HTML image
element=document.getElementById('myimage') //得到img这个元素 element.src="/i/eg_bulboff.gif"; //改变Src属性，也就相当于给它换了张图片
5 Change HTML style
x=document.getElementById("demo") //同样通过id找到元素
x.style.color="#ff0000"; //改变样式
6 Validate input
If( isNaN(x)) {alert("Not Numeric")}; // isNaN( ) 这是一个方法，专门用来判断括号中是否全为数字，是为true
Three commonly used methods for javaScript to find elements (excluding jquery to find elements)
1: Search by id;
x=document.getElementById("demo") //通过id查询是唯一的，x也是代表唯一一个元素。
2: Search by name:
X= document.getElementsByName("myInput");//这里是ments说明他返回的是一个集合，因为name属性可以重复定义
X[0].innerHTML="Hello JavaScript";//因为是数组，所以要指定第几个，就算只有一个也要写零
3: Search by element name:
var x=document.getElementsByTagName("input"); //同样也是返回一个数组
alert(x.length); //这里有几个input标签就输出几
JavaScript的注释和java是一样的有//和/* */
JavaScript variable
javaScript data has a string , number, Boolean, array, object, Null, Undefined, but use var
var cars=new Array(); cars[0]="Audi"; //数组表达式 var cars=["Audi","BMW","Volvo"]; //同样也是数组表达式 person=new Object(); //对象表达式
JavaScript function
function getElements(){ } //可以带参数那就往里面传参（var1,var2），如果要返回值return，函数类型不变
JavaScript operator, arithmetic operation operator, assignment operator, comparison operator, logical operator, conditional operator, IF statement, Switch statement, For loop, while do-while, Break and Continue are the same as java rules (the only difference is for (x in person) )
Next we will do a few small cases:
1: With account name verification, check whether the two passwords are consistent
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML >
<html>
<head>
<title>雨点的名字</title>
</head>
<script>
function checkForm(){
var form=document.forms["form1"]; //根据表单的名字 获取指定的表单，这算第四种获得元素方法
//根据表单获得username的value值，因为下面这个username只有一个那就默认就取这一个，不用form.username[0].value这样反而报错，因为不是集合
var username =form.username.value;
if(username.length<3 || username.length>12){
alert("输入的用户名不合法..."); //.length是属性所以不能括号，这和String不同
return false;
}
var password1 =form.password[0].value;//因为password下面有两个所以是一个集合所以要[0]；
var password2=document.getElementsByName("password")[1].value;//这是通过另一种方法获得
if(password1!=password2){
alert("两次密码不一致..");
return false();
}
return true;
}
</script>
<body>
<!--onsubmit只在form中使用，如果返回为false则不提交数据，否则提交数据-->
<form action="" name="form1" onsubmit="checkForm()">
用 户 名:<input type="text" name="username"/><br><br>
密 码:<input type="password" name="password"/><br><br>
确认密码:<input type="password" name="password"/><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/> <!-- 这里定义了为submit类型，当点提交时，自动触发onsubmit方法 -->
</form>
</body>
</html>
The running results are as follows:
2: Implement a small calculator for addition
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML >
<html>
<head>
<title>雨点的名字</title>
<style type="text/css">
input{
width:50px;
}
</style>
</head>
<script>
function calc(){
var form1 =document.forms["form1"];
var x=form1["x"].value; //获取form1表单中name属性为x的值,又一种方法（其实[]和.是有点不同的这里不细讲）
var y=form1["y"].value;
var z=parseInt(x)+parseInt(y); //parseInt(x)类型转换，把String转成int
var result=form1["result"]; //得到元素
result.value=z; //value这里插入value值，不是用innerHTML，他们的使用类型不同
}
</script>
<body>
<form action=" " name="form1" method="post">
<input type="text"name="x"/>+<input type="text" name="y"/>=<input type="text" name="result"/><br/>
<input type="button" value="计算" onclick="calc()" /> <!-- onclick监听事件改编属性 -->
</form>
</body>
The running results are as follows:
The above is the entire content of this article. I hope that the content of this article can bring some help to everyone's study or work, and I also hope to support PHP more. Chinese website!
For more articles related to the basics of javaScript, please pay attention to the PHP Chinese website!
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