A netizen asked a question, why is the output of the following html always 5, instead of clicking on each p, the corresponding 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 will be alerted.
<html >
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>闭包演示</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function init() {
var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");
for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {
pAry[i].onclick = function() {
alert(i);
}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="init();">
<p>产品一</p>
<p>产品二</p>
<p>产品三</p>
<p>产品四</p>
<p>产品五</p>
</body>
</html>
The solutions are as follows
1. Save the variable i on each paragraph object (p)
function init() {
var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");
for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {
pAry[i].i = i;
pAry[i].onclick = function() {
alert(this.i);
}
}
}
2. Save the variable i in the anonymous function itself
function init2() {
var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");
for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {
(pAry[i].onclick = function() {
alert(arguments.callee.i);
}).i = i;
}
}
3. Add a layer of closure, and pass i to the inner function in the form of a function parameter
function init3() {
var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");
for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {
(function(arg){
pAry[i].onclick = function() {
alert(arg);
};
})(i);//调用时参数
}
}
4. Add a layer of closure, i is passed to the memory function in the form of a local variable
function init4() {
var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");
for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {
(function () {
var temp = i;//调用时局部变量
pAry[i].onclick = function() {
alert(temp);
}
})();
}
}
5. Add A layer of closure that returns a function as a response event (note the subtle difference from 3)
function init5() {
var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");
for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {
pAry[i].onclick = function(arg) {
return function() {//返回一个函数
alert(arg);
}
}(i);
}
}
#6. Use Function to implement. In fact, every time a function instance is generated, a closure will be generated. Package
function init6() {
var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");
for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {
pAry[i].onclick = new Function("alert(" + i + ");");//new一次就产生一个函数实例
}
}
7. Use Function to implement, pay attention to the difference from 6
function init7() {
var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");
for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {
pAry[i].onclick = Function('alert('+i+')')
}
}
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