A brief discussion on JavaScript for loop closure-JS Tutorial-php.cn

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A brief discussion on JavaScript for loop closure

高洛峰

Jan 20, 2017 pm 01:29 PM

A netizen asked a question, why is the output of the following html always 5, instead of clicking on each p, the corresponding 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 will be alerted.

<html >  
<head>  
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />  
<title>闭包演示</title>  
<script type="text/javascript">  
   
function init() {  
  var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");  
  for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {  
     pAry[i].onclick = function() {  
     alert(i);  
  }  
 }  
}  
</script>  
</head>  
<body onload="init();">  
<p>产品一</p>  
<p>产品二</p>  
<p>产品三</p>  
<p>产品四</p>  
<p>产品五</p>  
</body>  
</html>

The solutions are as follows

1. Save the variable i on each paragraph object (p)

function init() {  
 var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");  
 for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {  
   pAry[i].i = i;  
   pAry[i].onclick = function() {  
    alert(this.i);  
   }  
 }  
}

2. Save the variable i in the anonymous function itself

function init2() {  
 var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");  
 for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {   
  (pAry[i].onclick = function() {  
    alert(arguments.callee.i);  
  }).i = i;  
 }  
}

3. Add a layer of closure, and pass i to the inner function in the form of a function parameter

function init3() {  
 var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");  
 for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {  
  (function(arg){    
    pAry[i].onclick = function() {    
     alert(arg);  
    };  
  })(i);//调用时参数  
 }  
}

4. Add a layer of closure, i is passed to the memory function in the form of a local variable

function init4() {  
 var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");  
 for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {   
  (function () {  
   var temp = i;//调用时局部变量  
   pAry[i].onclick = function() {   
    alert(temp);   
   }  
  })();  
 }  
}

5. Add A layer of closure that returns a function as a response event (note the subtle difference from 3)

function init5() {  
 var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");  
 for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {   
  pAry[i].onclick = function(arg) {  
    return function() {//返回一个函数  
    alert(arg);  
   }  
  }(i);  
 }  
}

#6. Use Function to implement. In fact, every time a function instance is generated, a closure will be generated. Package

function init6() {  
  var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");  
  for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {   
   pAry[i].onclick = new Function("alert(" + i + ");");//new一次就产生一个函数实例 
  }  
}

7. Use Function to implement, pay attention to the difference from 6

function init7() {  
  var pAry = document.getElementsByTagName("p");  
  for( var i=0; i<pAry.length; i++ ) {  
     pAry[i].onclick = Function(&#39;alert(&#39;+i+&#39;)&#39;) 
  }  
}

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