与人讨论匿名内部类的构造方法问题,自己写代码看看原理到底是什么样子的。因为类是匿名的,所以就无从创建一个同名的构造方法了。但是可以直接调用父类的构造方法。测试代码如下:
Java代码
package testtest; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { InnerTest inner = new InnerTest(); Test t = inner.get(3); System.out.println(t.getI()); } } class Test { private int i; public Test(int i) { this.i = i; } public int getI() { return i; } } class InnerTest { public Test get(int x) { return new Test(x) { @Override public int getI() { return super.getI() * 10; } }; } }
编译之后得到4个class文件:Test.class,InnerTest.class,InnerTest$1.class以及Main.class。容易看出来,Main.class是测试类的class文件,Test.class是超类Test的class文件,InnerTest.class是InnerTest 的class文件,最值得关注的就是匿名内部类的class文件InnerTest$1.class。
首先javap -c InnerTest$1
Java代码
Compiled from "Main.java" class testtest.InnerTest$1 extends testtest.Test{ final testtest.InnerTest this$0; testtest.InnerTest$1(testtest.InnerTest, int); Code: 0: aload_0 1: aload_1 2: putfield #1; //Field this$0:Ltesttest/InnerTest; 5: aload_0 6: iload_2 7: invokespecial #2; //Method testtest/Test."<init>〈init〉":(I)V 10: return public int getI(); Code: 0: aload_0 1: invokespecial #3; //Method testtest/Test.getI:()I 4: bipush 10 6: imul 7: ireturn } </init>
很明显,虽然我们看来是匿名内部类,但编译的时候给这个类指定了名字
InnerTest$1,而且看出来是继承自Test:
Java代码
class testtest.InnerTest$1 extends testtest.Test
而且在这个类有构造方法:
Java代码
testtest.InnerTest$1(testtest.InnerTest, int);
这里也很容易理解,两个参数,一个是匿名内部类的外部类引用直接传了进来,这也是我们能在内部类中直接访问外部类成员的实现原理。另外一个就是int类型的参数了。也就是说其实编译器自动的给我们添加了带参数的构造方法。继续往下看:
7: invokespecial #2; //Method testtest/Test."
这就是调用父类的构造方法了 。
接下来 ,我们 只要看 InnerTest中 get方法 的 实现就可以了 :
Csharp代码
Compiled from "Main.java" class testtest.InnerTest extends java.lang.Object{ testtest.InnerTest(); Code: 0: aload_0 1: invokespecial #1; //Method java/lang/Object."<init>〈init〉":()V 4: return public testtest.Test get(int); Code: 0: new #2; //class testtest/InnerTest$1 3: dup 4: aload_0 5: iload_1 6: invokespecial #3; //Method testtest/InnerTest$1."<init>〈init〉":(Ltesttest/InnerTest;I)V 9: areturn } </init></init><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">
到这里一切都清楚了,InnerTest中对待匿名内部类和对待普通类一样,
先是
Csharp代码
0: new #2; //class testtest/InnerTest$1
然后调用其构造方法:
Java代码
6: invokespecial #3; //Method testtest/InnerTest$1."〈init〉":(Ltesttest/InnerTest;I)V<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">
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