PHP Super Global Array, also known as PHP predefined array, is built into the PHP engine and does not need to be redefined by developers. When a PHP script runs, PHP automatically places some data in a super global array.
php super global variable list
$_GET[] Get the variable array submitted by the GET method
$_POST[] Get the variable array submitted by the POST method
$_COOKIE[] Get and set the cookie identifier of the current website
$_SESSION[ ] Obtain the unique identification of the current user access, in the form of an array, such as sessionid and custom session data
$_ENV[] Current php environment variable array
$_SERVER[] Current php server variable array
$_FILES[] Submitted when uploading files Parameter values to the current script, reflected in the form of an array
$_REQUEST[] contains all requests submitted by the current script, all actions of $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_SESSION
$GLOBALS[] contains all super globals of the executing script Variable reference content
PHP system constant
__FILE__ The absolute path and file name of the current PHP program script
__LINE__ The line number where the constant is stored
__FUNCTION__ The function name where the constant is stored
__CLASS__ The name of the class where the constant is stored
PHP_VERSION Stores the current PHP version number, which can also be obtained through the PHPVERSION() function.
PHP_OS stores the operating system of the current server

In PHP, you can use session_status() or session_id() to check whether the session has started. 1) Use the session_status() function. If PHP_SESSION_ACTIVE is returned, the session has been started. 2) Use the session_id() function, if a non-empty string is returned, the session has been started. Both methods can effectively check the session state, and choosing which method to use depends on the PHP version and personal preferences.

Sessionsarevitalinwebapplications,especiallyfore-commerceplatforms.Theymaintainuserdataacrossrequests,crucialforshoppingcarts,authentication,andpersonalization.InFlask,sessionscanbeimplementedusingsimplecodetomanageuserloginsanddatapersistence.

Managing concurrent session access in PHP can be done by the following methods: 1. Use the database to store session data, 2. Use Redis or Memcached, 3. Implement a session locking strategy. These methods help ensure data consistency and improve concurrency performance.

PHPsessionshaveseverallimitations:1)Storageconstraintscanleadtoperformanceissues;2)Securityvulnerabilitieslikesessionfixationattacksexist;3)Scalabilityischallengingduetoserver-specificstorage;4)Sessionexpirationmanagementcanbeproblematic;5)Datapersis

Load balancing affects session management, but can be resolved with session replication, session stickiness, and centralized session storage. 1. Session Replication Copy session data between servers. 2. Session stickiness directs user requests to the same server. 3. Centralized session storage uses independent servers such as Redis to store session data to ensure data sharing.

Sessionlockingisatechniqueusedtoensureauser'ssessionremainsexclusivetooneuseratatime.Itiscrucialforpreventingdatacorruptionandsecuritybreachesinmulti-userapplications.Sessionlockingisimplementedusingserver-sidelockingmechanisms,suchasReentrantLockinJ

Alternatives to PHP sessions include Cookies, Token-based Authentication, Database-based Sessions, and Redis/Memcached. 1.Cookies manage sessions by storing data on the client, which is simple but low in security. 2.Token-based Authentication uses tokens to verify users, which is highly secure but requires additional logic. 3.Database-basedSessions stores data in the database, which has good scalability but may affect performance. 4. Redis/Memcached uses distributed cache to improve performance and scalability, but requires additional matching

Sessionhijacking refers to an attacker impersonating a user by obtaining the user's sessionID. Prevention methods include: 1) encrypting communication using HTTPS; 2) verifying the source of the sessionID; 3) using a secure sessionID generation algorithm; 4) regularly updating the sessionID.


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