java.util 中的集合类包含 Java 中某些最常用的类。最常用的集合类是 List 和 Map。List 的具体实现包括 ArrayList 和 Vector，它们是可变大小的列表，比较适合构建、存储和操作任何类型对象元素列表。List 适用于按数值索引访问元素的情形。
Map 提供了一个更通用的元素存储方法。Map 集合类用于存储元素对（称作“键”和“值”），其中每个键映射到一个值。从概念上而言，您可以将 List 看作是具有数值键的 Map。而实际上，除了 List 和 Map 都在定义 java.util 中外，两者并没有直接的联系。本文将着重介绍核心 Java 发行套件中附带的 Map，同时还将介绍如何采用或实现更适用于您应用程序特定数据的专用 Map。
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gbk" />
<title>测试map</title>
</head>
<style type="text/css">
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*
* Map对象，实现Map功能
* size() 获取Map元素个数
* isEmpty() 判断Map是否为空
* clear() 删除Map所有元素
* put(key, value) 向Map中增加元素（key, value)
* remove(key) 删除指定key的元素，成功返回true，失败返回false
* get(key) 获取指定key的元素值value，失败返回null
* element(index) 获取指定索引的元素（使用element.key，element.value获取key和value），失败返回null
* containsKey(key) 判断Map中是否含有指定key的元素
* containsValue(value) 判断Map中是否含有指定value的元素
* keys() 获取Map中所有key的数组（array）
* values() 获取Map中所有value的数组（array）
*
*/
function Map(){
this.elements = new Array();
//获取Map元素个数
this.size = function() {
return this.elements.length;
},
//判断Map是否为空
this.isEmpty = function() {
return (this.elements.length < 1);
},
//删除Map所有元素
this.clear = function() {
this.elements = new Array();
},
//向Map中增加元素（key, value)
this.put = function(_key, _value) {
if (this.containsKey(_key) == true) {
if(this.containsValue(_value)){
if(this.remove(_key) == true){
this.elements.push( {
key : _key,
value : _value
});
}
}else{
this.elements.push( {
key : _key,
value : _value
});
}
} else {
this.elements.push( {
key : _key,
value : _value
});
}
},
//删除指定key的元素，成功返回true，失败返回false
this.remove = function(_key) {
var bln = false;
try {
for (i = 0; i < this.elements.length; i++) {
if (this.elements[i].key == _key){
this.elements.splice(i, 1);
return true;
}
}
}catch(e){
bln = false;
}
return bln;
},
//获取指定key的元素值value，失败返回null
this.get = function(_key) {
try{
for (i = 0; i < this.elements.length; i++) {
if (this.elements[i].key == _key) {
return this.elements[i].value;
}
}
}catch(e) {
return null;
}
},
//获取指定索引的元素（使用element.key，element.value获取key和value），失败返回null
this.element = function(_index) {
if (_index < 0 || _index >= this.elements.length){
return null;
}
return this.elements[_index];
},
//判断Map中是否含有指定key的元素
this.containsKey = function(_key) {
var bln = false;
try {
for (i = 0; i < this.elements.length; i++) {
if (this.elements[i].key == _key){
bln = true;
}
}
}catch(e) {
bln = false;
}
return bln;
},
//判断Map中是否含有指定value的元素
this.containsValue = function(_value) {
var bln = false;
try {
for (i = 0; i < this.elements.length; i++) {
if (this.elements[i].value == _value){
bln = true;
}
}
}catch(e) {
bln = false;
}
return bln;
},
//获取Map中所有key的数组（array）
this.keys = function() {
var arr = new Array();
for (i = 0; i < this.elements.length; i++) {
arr.push(this.elements[i].key);
}
return arr;
},
//获取Map中所有value的数组（array）
this.values = function() {
var arr = new Array();
for (i = 0; i < this.elements.length; i++) {
arr.push(this.elements[i].value);
}
return arr;
};
}
//测试map
alert('测试map');
var map=new Map();
map.put(0,0);
map.put(1,1);
map.put(2,2);
alert('map的大小为：'+map.size());
for(var i=0;i<map.size();i++){
alert('map的key'+i+'对应的value值为'+map.get(i));
}
alert('获取map中不存在的键'+map.get('获取map中不存在的键'));
alert('map中的所有键的长度'+map.keys().length);
for(var i=0;i<map.keys().lenght;i++){
alert('map中的键值'+map.keys()[i]);
}
alert('map中的所有的value值的长度'+map.values().length);
for(var i=0;i<map.values().length;i++){
alert('map中的value的值'+map.values()[i]);
}
alert('判断map中的值value是否存在3'+map.containsValue(3));
</script>
<body>
测试map
</body>
</html>
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