PHP hybrid Go coroutine concurrency

The idea is simple. By setting runtime.GOMAXPROCS(1), the golang process becomes single-threaded. Similar to the effect of using gevent in python. Then asynchronous I/O concurrency is achieved by scheduling multiple coroutines. PHP runs as a sub-function in the go process. When PHP needs to yield to other coroutines, it can be implemented by calling back to the golang function. When calling the sub-function provided by go from PHP, Go guarantees to save the current context of PHP. When the execution right of the coroutine is transferred back, the original PHP context is restored. The key code is:

 // 保存当前协程上的php上下文    
    oldServerCtx := engine.ServerContextGet() 
    fmt.Println(oldServerCtx) 
    defer engine.ServerContextSet(oldServerCtx) 
    oldExecutorCtx := engine.ExecutorContextGet() 
    fmt.Println(oldExecutorCtx) 
    defer engine.ExecutorContextSet(oldExecutorCtx) 
    oldCoreCtx := engine.CoreContextGet() 
    fmt.Println(oldCoreCtx) 
    defer engine.CoreContextSet(oldCoreCtx) 
 
// 放弃全局的锁，使得其他的协程可以开始执行php 
    engineLock.Unlock() 
    defer engineLock.Lock()

ServerContextGet. These functions were added by me, and the three global contexts obtained are PHP (EG/SG/PG) (see: http://www.cnblogs.com/chance. ..). The modified source code of github.com/deuill/go-php is at: https://github.com/taowen/go-...

Complete demo of php/go hybrid coroutine:

package main 
 
import ( 
    "fmt" 
    "github.com/deuill/go-php/engine" 
    "os" 
    "runtime" 
    "time" 
    "sync" 
) 
 
type TestObj struct{} 
 
func newTestObj(args []interface{}) interface{} { 
    return &TestObj{} 
} 
var engineLock *sync.Mutex 
 
func (self *TestObj) Hello() { 
    oldServerCtx := engine.ServerContextGet() 
    fmt.Println(oldServerCtx) 
    defer engine.ServerContextSet(oldServerCtx) 
    oldExecutorCtx := engine.ExecutorContextGet() 
    fmt.Println(oldExecutorCtx) 
    defer engine.ExecutorContextSet(oldExecutorCtx) 
    oldCoreCtx := engine.CoreContextGet() 
    fmt.Println(oldCoreCtx) 
    defer engine.CoreContextSet(oldCoreCtx) 
    engineLock.Unlock() 
    defer engineLock.Lock() 
    time.Sleep(time.Second) 
    fmt.Println("sleep done") 
} 
 
func main() { 
    runtime.GOMAXPROCS(1) 
    theEngine, err := engine.New() 
    engineLock = &sync.Mutex{} 
    if err != nil { 
        fmt.Println(err) 
    } 
    _, err = theEngine.Define("TestObj", newTestObj) 
    wg := &sync.WaitGroup{} 
    wg.Add(2) 
    before := time.Now() 
    fmt.Println("1") 
    go func() { 
        engineLock.Lock() 
        defer engineLock.Unlock() 
        context1, err := theEngine.NewContext() 
        if err != nil { 
            fmt.Println(err) 
        } 
        context1.Output = os.Stdout 
        if err != nil { 
            fmt.Println(err) 
        } 
        fmt.Println("1 enter") 
        _, err = context1.Eval("$testObj = new TestObj(); $testObj->Hello();") 
        fmt.Println("1 back") 
        if err != nil { 
            fmt.Println(err) 
        } 
        //theEngine.DestroyContext(context1) 
        fmt.Println("1 done") 
        wg.Done() 
    }() 
    fmt.Println("2") 
    go func() { 
        engineLock.Lock() 
        defer engineLock.Unlock() 
        context2, err := theEngine.NewContext() 
        if err != nil { 
            fmt.Println(err) 
        } 
        if err != nil { 
            fmt.Println(err) 
        } 
        context2.Output = os.Stdout 
        fmt.Println("2 enter") 
        _, err = context2.Eval("$testObj = new TestObj(); $testObj->Hello();") 
        fmt.Println("2 back") 
        if err != nil { 
            fmt.Println(err) 
        } 
        //theEngine.DestroyContext(context2) 
        fmt.Println("2 done") 
        wg.Done() 
    }() 
    wg.Wait() 
    after := time.Now() 
    fmt.Println(after.Sub(before)) 
}

Execution results Yes

1 
2 
2 enter 
{0x2cf2930 {<nil> <nil> <nil> 0 <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> 0 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0] <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> 0 0 <nil> 1000 [0 0 0 0]} {{<nil> <nil> 0 16 0x7f682e819780 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil>} 0 1 [0 0 0] <nil> <nil>} 0 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0] {0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 {0 0} {0 0} {0 0} [0 0 0]} 0x2a00270 0x2a00f60 <nil> 8388608 0 1 [0 0 0] 0 {8 7 2 [0 0 0 0] 0 0x29f4520 0x29f4520 0x29f4470 0x29f4420 <nil> 1 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0]} <nil> {0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil>} 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0]} 
{0x7ffd30bac588 {[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 2 0 0 [0 0]} 0x7f682f01b928 {[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1 0 0 [0 0]} 0x7f682f01b948 [<nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil>] 0x7f682f01ba60 0x7f682f01b960 0x7f682f167168 0x7f682f01ba88 {64 63 5 [0 0 0 0] 0 0x7f682f1972d8 0x7f682f1972d8 0x7f682f1993f8 0x7f682f1970c8 0x7f682e862d10 0 0 1 [0 0 0 0 0]} {8 0 0 [0 0 0 0] 0 <nil> <nil> <nil> 0x7f682f016a00 <nil> 0 0 1 [0 0 0 0 0]} 0x7ffd30bac590 22527 0 0 [0 0 0 0] 0x7f682f197640 0x29f4f80 0x29f4fd0 0x29f5070 <nil> 0x2cf2950 0x7f682f1989c0 14 0 1 [0 0 0] <nil> <nil> 0 1 [0 0 0 0 0 0] {8 0 0 [0 0 0 0] 1 <nil> <nil> <nil> 0x7f682f016a00 0x7f682e883140 0 0 1 [0 0 0 0 0]} {8 0 0 [0 0 0 0] 0 <nil> <nil> <nil> 0x7f682f016a00 0x7f682e8831d0 1 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0]} 0x7f682f167088 0 [0 0 0 0] <nil> <nil> {0 0 <nil>} {0 0 <nil> <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0]} {0 0 <nil> <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0]} 0 [0 0 0 0] <nil> 0 0 0x29fb2e0 <nil> <nil> {0x7f682f187030 2 1024 -1 [0 0 0 0]} <nil> <nil> <nil> [{0x7f682e915050 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 0 0 149 8 8 8} {0x7f682e915050 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 0 0 149 8 8 8} {0x7f682e915050 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 0 0 149 8 8 8}] 0x7f682f167168 <nil> {0 [0 0 0 0] <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0] 0 0 [0 0 0 0] <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0] <nil>} 1 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil> 0x7f682f01bde8 895 [0 0 0 0 0 0] [<nil> <nil> <nil> <nil>]} 
{1 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 0 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil> 0x29ff9a0 17 134217728 -1 0 0 0 1 [0 0 0 0] 1024 0 0 1 [0 0 0 0 0] 0x2a00870 <nil> 0x2a010a0 0x7f682ecc58b0 <nil> 0x7f682ecc5c23 <nil> <nil> <nil> 2097152 <nil> <nil> 0x2a00180 0x2a00230 <nil> <nil> <nil> {0x7f682ec91aa8 0x7f682ec91aa8} 0x2a00910 {0 0 0 [0 0 0 0] 0 <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> 0 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0]} 0 0 0 [0 0 0] {0x2b6dc10 0x2b6dc10 1 8 <nil> 1 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil>} [0x7f682f197330 0x7f682f197040 0x7f682f197410 <nil> <nil> 0x7f682f1974f0] 0 1 1 [0 0 0 0 0] 0x7f682ec9544b 0x7f682ec9544b 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0] 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 [0] 0 [0 0 0 0] <nil> <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0] 0x2cf27c0 <nil> 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0] 64 1000 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 0x7f682ecc6270 300 0x2a009b0 1 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0]} 
1 enter 
{0x7f6818000aa0 {<nil> <nil> <nil> 0 <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> 0 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0] <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> 0 0 <nil> 1000 [0 0 0 0]} {{<nil> <nil> 0 16 0x7f682e819780 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil>} 0 1 [0 0 0] <nil> <nil>} 0 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0] {0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 {0 0} {0 0} {0 0} [0 0 0]} 0x2a00270 0x2a00f60 <nil> 8388608 0 1 [0 0 0] 0 {8 7 2 [0 0 0 0] 0 0x29f4520 0x29f4520 0x29f4470 0x29f4420 <nil> 1 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0]} <nil> {0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil>} 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0]} 
{0x7f682a4cccd8 {[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 2 0 0 [0 0]} 0x7f682f01b928 {[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1 0 0 [0 0]} 0x7f682f01b948 [<nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil>] 0x7f682f01ba60 0x7f682f01b960 0x7f682802f110 0x7f682f01ba88 {64 63 5 [0 0 0 0] 0 0x7f682f197a00 0x7f682f197a00 0x7f682f198368 0x7f682f198fa0 0x7f682e862d10 0 0 1 [0 0 0 0 0]} {8 0 0 [0 0 0 0] 0 <nil> <nil> <nil> 0x7f682f016a00 <nil> 0 0 1 [0 0 0 0 0]} 0x7f682a4ccce0 22527 0 0 [0 0 0 0] 0x7f682f197d28 0x29f4f80 0x29f4fd0 0x29f5070 <nil> 0x2cf2950 0x7f682f1983e8 14 0 1 [0 0 0] <nil> <nil> 0 1 [0 0 0 0 0 0] {8 0 0 [0 0 0 0] 1 <nil> <nil> <nil> 0x7f682f016a00 0x7f682e883140 0 0 1 [0 0 0 0 0]} {8 0 0 [0 0 0 0] 0 <nil> <nil> <nil> 0x7f682f016a00 0x7f682e8831d0 1 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0]} 0x7f682802f030 0 [0 0 0 0] <nil> <nil> {0 0 <nil>} {0 0 <nil> <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0]} {0 0 <nil> <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0]} 0 [0 0 0 0] <nil> 0 0 0x29fb2e0 <nil> <nil> {0x7f682804efd8 2 1024 -1 [0 0 0 0]} <nil> <nil> <nil> [{0x7f682e915050 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 0 0 149 8 8 8} {0x7f682e915050 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 0 0 149 8 8 8} {0x7f682e915050 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 0 0 149 8 8 8}] 0x7f682802f110 <nil> {0 [0 0 0 0] <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0] 0 0 [0 0 0 0] <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0] <nil>} 1 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil> 0x7f682f01bde8 895 [0 0 0 0 0 0] [<nil> <nil> <nil> <nil>]} 
{1 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 0 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil> 0x29ff9a0 17 134217728 -1 0 0 0 1 [0 0 0 0] 1024 0 0 1 [0 0 0 0 0] 0x2a00870 <nil> 0x2a010a0 0x7f682ecc58b0 <nil> 0x7f682ecc5c23 <nil> <nil> <nil> 2097152 <nil> <nil> 0x2a00180 0x2a00230 <nil> <nil> <nil> {0x7f682ec91aa8 0x7f682ec91aa8} 0x2a00910 {0 0 0 [0 0 0 0] 0 <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> <nil> 0 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0]} 0 0 0 [0 0 0] {0x2b6dc10 0x2b6dc10 1 8 <nil> 1 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil>} [0x7f682f197a58 0x7f682f198ce0 0x7f682f197b38 <nil> <nil> 0x7f682f197c18] 0 1 1 [0 0 0 0 0] 0x7f682ec9544b 0x7f682ec9544b 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0] 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 [0] 0 [0 0 0 0] <nil> <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0] 0x2cf27c0 <nil> 0 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0] 64 1000 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 0x7f682ecc6270 300 0x2a009b0 1 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] <nil> 0 [0 0 0 0 0 0 0]} 
sleep done 
1 back 
1 done 
sleep done 
2 back 
2 done 
1.00099211s

You can see two sleep 1s, and in the end only 1.00099211s was used. Indicates that coroutines are concurrent.

Some performance indicators. Use http to call the backend. On i7-6700k, use ab -n 100 -c 4 to get the result like this

Requests per second:    3183.70 [#/sec] (mean) 
Time per request:       1.256 [ms] (mean) 
Time per request:       0.314 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)

If you don’t use http to call the backend, just use php=>go to return "hello" directly, you can achieve

Requests per second: 10073.54 [#/sec] (mean) 
 
Time per request: 0.397 [ms] (mean) 
 
Time per request: 0.099 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)

These indicators only illustrate the cost of coroutine switching. The actual benefit depends on the latency of the back-end http service. If it takes a long time, the benefits can be obvious through coroutine concurrency.

This experiment shows that golang can be used to implement an application server that replaces nginx+php-fpm. And provides a smooth migration path from php to golang. Mix PHP and Go in one application.

And you can achieve asynchronous I/O by providing golang functions for php calls. Extensions like libcurl themselves support asynchronous callbacks, but PHP is synchronous, so only synchronous execute is exposed to PHP. With Golang, execute can be turned into a wrapper for asynchronous execute+callback to achieve coroutine-based scheduling.