


php setcookie(name, value, expires, path, domain, secure) 参数详解_php技巧
函数定义:
bool setcookie ( string name [, string value [, int expire [, string path [, string domain [, bool secure]]]]] )
setcookie() 参数详解
参数 | 说明 | 举例 |
name | cookie的名字 | 使用 $_COOKIE['cookiename'] 调用名为 cookiename 的 cookie。 |
value | cookie的值,存放在客户端,不要存放敏感数据 | 假定 name 是 'cookiename',可以通过$_COOKIE['cookiename'] 取得其值。 |
expire |
Cookie 过期的时间。这是个 Unix 时间戳,即从 Unix 纪元开始的秒数。 换而言之,通常用 time() 函数再加上秒数来设定 cookie 的失效期。 或者用mktime()来实现。 |
time()+60*60*24*30 将设定 cookie 30 天后失效。 如果未设定,cookie 将会在会话结束后(一般是浏览器关闭)失效。 |
path | Cookie 在服务器端的有效路径。 |
如果该参数设为 '/' 的话,cookie 就在整个 domain 内有效, 如果设为 '/foo/',cookie 就只在 domain 下的 /foo/ 目录及其子目录内有效,例如 /foo/bar/。 默认值为设定 cookie 的当前目录。 |
domain | 该 cookie 有效的域名。 |
要使 cookie 能在如 example.com 域名下的所有子域都有效的话,该参数应该设为 '.example.com'。 虽然 . 并不必须的,但加上它会兼容更多的浏览器。 如果该参数设为www.example.com 的话,就只在 www 子域内有效。 细节见Cookie 规范中的 tail matching。 |
secure |
指明 cookie 是否仅通过安全的 HTTPS 连接传送。 当设成 TRUE 时,cookie 仅在安全的连接中被设置。默认值为FALSE。 |
0 或 1 |
例子 1. setcookie() 发送例子
$value = 'something from somewhere';
setcookie("TestCookie", $value);
setcookie("TestCookie", $value,time()+3600); /* expire in 1 hour */
setcookie("TestCookie", $value,time()+3600, "/~rasmus/", ".utoronto.ca", 1);
注意 cookie 中值的部分在发送的时候会被自动用 urlencode 编码并在接收到的时候被自动解码并把值赋给与自己同名的 cookie 变量。如果不想这样并且在使用 PHP 5 的话,可以用 setrawcookie() 来代替。下面这个简单的例子可以得到刚才所设定的 cookie 的值:
// 输出单独的 cookie
echo $_COOKIE["TestCookie"];
echo $HTTP_COOKIE_VARS["TestCookie"];
// 另一个调试的方法就是输出所有的 cookie
print_r($_COOKIE);
?>
要删除 cookie 需要确保它的失效期是在过去,才能触发浏览器的删除机制。下面的例子说明了如何删除刚才设置的 cookie:
例子 2. setcookie() 删除例子
// 将过期时间设为一小时前
setcookie("TestCookie", "", time() - 3600);
setcookie("TestCookie", "", time() - 3600, "/~rasmus/", ".utoronto.ca", 1);
也可以通过在 cookie 名称中使用数组符号来设定数组 cookie,可以设定多个 cookie 作为数组单元,在脚本提取 cookie 时所有的值都放在一个数组种:
例子 3. setcookie() 中使用数组的例子
// 设定 cookie
setcookie("cookie[three]", "cookiethree");
setcookie("cookie[two]", "cookietwo");
setcookie("cookie[one]", "cookieone");
// 刷新页面后,显示出来
if (isset($_COOKIE['cookie'])) {
foreach ($_COOKIE['cookie'] as $name => $value) {
echo "$name : $value
\n";
}
}
?>
上例将输出:
three : cookiethree
two : cookietwo
one : cookieone
总结:cookie的基本使用不难,这篇文章记录的重点主要是掌握path的路径设置和domain的域名设置。

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PHP has shaped the network over the past few decades and will continue to play an important role in web development. 1) PHP originated in 1994 and has become the first choice for developers due to its ease of use and seamless integration with MySQL. 2) Its core functions include generating dynamic content and integrating with the database, allowing the website to be updated in real time and displayed in personalized manner. 3) The wide application and ecosystem of PHP have driven its long-term impact, but it also faces version updates and security challenges. 4) Performance improvements in recent years, such as the release of PHP7, enable it to compete with modern languages. 5) In the future, PHP needs to deal with new challenges such as containerization and microservices, but its flexibility and active community make it adaptable.

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