Detailed explanation of Nginxconf configuration file

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(Summary) Chinese detailed explanation of Nginx configuration file nginx.conf

PS: I have been using Nginx for two or three years, and now I often encounter new users I asked some very basic questions, but I didn’t have time to answer them one by one. I spent some time this afternoon, combined with my own experience, to share the description of the main configuration parameters of Nginx, and also referred to some Internet content. This article is currently The most complete Nginx configuration parameters are explained in Chinese. For more detailed module parameters, please refer to: http://wiki.nginx.org/Main

<br>#Define the user and user group that Nginx runs under<br>

user www www;

#nginx process number, it is recommended to set it equal to the CPU Total number of cores.

worker_processes 8;

#Global error log definition type, [ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ]

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log info;

#Process file

pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

#The maximum number of file descriptors opened by an nginx process, The theoretical value should be the maximum number of open files (system value ulimit -n) divided by the number of nginx processes. However, nginx distributes requests unevenly, so it is recommended to keep the value consistent with ulimit -n.

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

#Working mode and maximum number of connections

events
{
#参考事件模型，use [ kqueue | rtsig | epoll | /dev/poll | select | poll ]; epoll模型是Linux 2.6以上版本内核中的高性能网络I/O模型，如果跑在FreeBSD上面，就用kqueue模型。
use epoll;
#单个进程最大连接数（最大连接数=连接数*进程数）
worker_connections 65535;
}

#Set http server

http
{
include mime.types; #文件扩展名与文件类型映射表
default_type application/octet-stream; #默认文件类型
#charset utf-8; #默认编码
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; #服务器名字的hash表大小
client_header_buffer_size 32k; #上传文件大小限制
large_client_header_buffers 4 64k; #设定请求缓
client_max_body_size 8m; #设定请求缓
sendfile on; #开启高效文件传输模式，sendfile指令指定nginx是否调用sendfile函数来输出文件，对于普通应用设为 on，如果用来进行下载等应用磁盘IO重负载应用，可设置为off，以平衡磁盘与网络I/O处理速度，降低系统的负载。注意：如果图片显示不正常把这个改成off。
autoindex on; #开启目录列表访问，合适下载服务器，默认关闭。
tcp_nopush on; #防止网络阻塞
tcp_nodelay on; #防止网络阻塞
keepalive_timeout 120; #长连接超时时间，单位是秒
#FastCGI相关参数是为了改善网站的性能：减少资源占用，提高访问速度。下面参数看字面意思都能理解。
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
#gzip模块设置
gzip on; #开启gzip压缩输出
gzip_min_length 1k; #最小压缩文件大小
gzip_buffers 4 16k; #压缩缓冲区
gzip_http_version 1.0; #压缩版本（默认1.1，前端如果是squid2.5请使用1.0）
gzip_comp_level 2; #压缩等级
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
#压缩类型，默认就已经包含text/html，所以下面就不用再写了，写上去也不会有问题，但是会有一个warn。
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m; #开启限制IP连接数的时候需要使用
upstream blog.ha97.com {
#upstream的负载均衡，weight是权重，可以根据机器配置定义权重。weigth参数表示权值，权值越高被分配到的几率越大。
server 192.168.80.121:80 weight=3;
server 192.168.80.122:80 weight=2;
server 192.168.80.123:80 weight=3;
}

#Virtual host configuration

server
{
#监听端口
listen 80;
#域名可以有多个，用空格隔开
server_name www.ha97.com ha97.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/www/ha97;
location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
{
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
#图片缓存时间设置
location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 10d;
}
#JS和CSS缓存时间设置
location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
#日志格式设定
log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
#定义本虚拟主机的访问日志
access_log /var/log/nginx/ha97access.log access;
#对 "/" 启用反向代理
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:88;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
#后端的Web服务器可以通过X-Forwarded-For获取用户真实IP
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
#以下是一些反向代理的配置，可选。
proxy_set_header Host $host;
client_max_body_size 10m; #允许客户端请求的最大单文件字节数
client_body_buffer_size 128k; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数，
proxy_connect_timeout 90; #nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)
proxy_send_timeout 90; #后端服务器数据回传时间(代理发送超时)
proxy_read_timeout 90; #连接成功后，后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时)
proxy_buffer_size 4k; #设置代理服务器（nginx）保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小
proxy_buffers 4 32k; #proxy_buffers缓冲区，网页平均在32k以下的设置
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高负荷下缓冲大小（proxy_buffers*2）
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
#设定缓存文件夹大小，大于这个值，将从upstream服务器传
}
#设定查看Nginx状态的地址
location /NginxStatus {
stub_status on;
access_log on;
auth_basic "NginxStatus";
auth_basic_user_file conf/htpasswd;
#htpasswd文件的内容可以用apache提供的htpasswd工具来产生。
}
#本地动静分离反向代理配置
#所有jsp的页面均交由tomcat或resin处理
location ~ .(jsp|jspx|do)?$ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
}
#所有静态文件由nginx直接读取不经过tomcat或resin
location ~ .*.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$
{ expires 15d; }
location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
{ expires 1h; }
}
}

For more detailed module parameters, please refer to: http ://wiki.nginx.org/Main

The above introduces the detailed explanation of the Nginxconf configuration file, including the relevant content. I hope it will be helpful to friends who are interested in PHP tutorials.