Summary of commonly used functions for executing linux commands in PHP

Normally, php is rarely used to execute Linux commands, but under special circumstances, you may use these functions. I used to know that there are two functions that can execute linux commands, one is exec and the other is shell_exec. In fact, there are many. Based on the content of the manual, the following 6 functions are introduced.

1, the exec function

<&#63;php 
$test = "ls /tmp/test"; //ls是linux下的查目录，文件的命令
exec($test,$array); //执行命令
print_r($array);
&#63;>

returns the following results:

[root@krlcgcms01 shell]# php ./exec.php 
Array 
( 
[0] => 1001.log 
[1] => 10.log 
[2] => 10.tar.gz 
[3] => aaa.tar.gz 
[4] => mytest 
[5] => test1101 
[6] => test1102 
[7] => weblog_2010_09 
)

2, the system function

<&#63;php 
$test = "ls /tmp/test";
$last = system($test);
print "last: $last\n";
&#63;>

returns the results:

[root@krlcgcms01 shell]# php system.php 
1001.log 
10.log 
10.tar.gz 
aaa.tar.gz 
mytest 
test1101 
test1102 
weblog_2010_09 
last:weblog_2010_09

3 , passthru function

<&#63;php 
$test = "ls /tmp/test";
passthru($test);
&#63;>

4, popen function

<&#63;php 
$test = "ls /tmp/test";
$fp = popen($test,"r"); //popen打一个进程通道

while (!feof($fp)) { //从通道里面取得东西
$out = fgets($fp, 4096);
echo $out; //打印出来
} 
pclose($fp);
&#63;>

5, proc_open function

<&#63;php 
$test = "ls /tmp/test";
$array = array(
array("pipe","r"), //标准输入 
array("pipe","w"), //标准输出内容 
array("pipe","w") //标准输出错误 
); 
$fp = proc_open($test,$array,$pipes); //打开一个进程通道
echo stream_get_contents($pipes[1]); //为什么是$pipes[1]，因为1是输出内容
proc_close($fp);
&#63;>

6, shell_exec function

<&#63;php 
$test = "ls /tmp/test";
$out = shell_exec($test);
echo $out;
&#63;>

popen, passthru, proc_open, shell_exec The return result is as follows:

[root@krlcgcms01 shell]# php test.php 
1001.log 
10.log 
10.tar.gz 
aaa.tar.gz 
mytest 
test1101 
test1102 
weblog_2010_09

These are the only functions I can find that can execute commands under Linux. I think there should be more. Welcome to add.

The above has introduced a summary of common functions used by PHP to execute Linux commands, including relevant content. I hope it will be helpful to friends who are interested in PHP tutorials.