search
HomeWeb Front-endJS TutorialJavaScript事件 "事件对象"的注意要点_javascript技巧

在触发DOM上的某个事件时,会产生一个事件对象event。

DOM中的事件对象

兼容DOM的浏览器会将一个event对象传入到事件处理程序中。event对象包含与创建它的特定事件有关的属性和方法。除法的事件类型不一样,可用的属性方法就不一样。不过,所有的事件都会有下表列出的成员。

下面列出了 2 级 DOM 事件标准定义的属性:

  • bubbles: 返回布尔值,指示事件是否是起泡事件类型。
  • cancelable: 返回布尔值,指示事件是否可拥可取消的默认动作。
  • currentTarget: 返回其事件监听器触发该事件的元素。
  • eventPhase: 返回事件传播的当前阶段。
  • target: 返回触发此事件的元素(事件的目标节点)。
  • timeStamp: 返回事件生成的日期和时间。
  • type: 返回当前 Event 对象表示的事件的名称。

下面列出了 2 级 DOM 事件标准定义的方法。IE 的事件模型不支持这些方法:

  • initEvent(): 初始化新创建的 Event 对象的属性。
  • preventDefault(): 通知浏览器不要执行与事件关联的默认动作。
  • stopPropagation(): 不再派发事件。

this、target、currentTarget

在事件处理程序的内部,对象this始终等于currentTarget的值,而target则只包含事件的实际目标。如果直接将事件处理程序指定给了目标元素,则this、currentTarget和target包含相同的值。如:

var btn = document.querySelector("#btn");
btn.onclick=function () {
 console.log(event.currentTarget === this); //true
 console.log(event.target === this); //true
}

由于click事件的目标是btn按钮,所以这三个值是相等的。如果事件处理程序在按钮的父节点(document.body)中,那么这些值则不相同。如:

var btn = document.querySelector("#btn");
document.body.onclick=function () {
 console.log(event.currentTarget === document.body); //true
 console.log(this === document.body); //true
 console.log(event.target === btn); //true 因为btn没有注册事件处理程序,所以该click事件就冒泡到了document.body
}

在这里,this和currentTarget都是document.body,因为事件处理程序是注册到这个元素上的。但是target元素却等于按钮元素,因为它是click事件的真正目标。由于按钮并没有注册事件处理程序,结果click事件就冒泡到了document.body,在那里事件才能得到处理。

type

在需要通过一个函数处理多个事件时,可以使用type属性。如:

//获取按钮
var btn = document.querySelector("#btn");
//设置多个事件
var handler = function() {
//检测事件的类型
 switch (event.type) {
  case "click":
   console.log("i click it");
   break;
  case "mouseover":
   console.log("i enter it");
   break;
  case "mouseout":
   console.log("i leave it");
   break;
 }
}
//给响应的事件赋值
btn.onclick = handler;
btn.onmouseover = handler;
btn.onmouseout = handler;
preventDefault()

要阻止特定事件的默认行为,可以使用该方法。如:

var aTags = document.getElementsByTagName("a");
for (var i = 0; i < aTags.length; i++) {
 var currentATag = aTags[i];
 currentATag.onclick = function() {
  event.preventDefault();
 }
};

以上代码即屏蔽了网页上全部的a标签超链接功能。要注意的是,只有cancelable属性设置为true的事件,才可以使用preventDefault()来取消其默认行为。

stopPropagation()

立即停止事件在DOM层次中的传播,即取消进一步的事件捕获或冒泡。例如,直接添加到一个按钮的事件处理程序可以调用该方法,从而避免触发注册在document.body上面的事件处理程序。如:

var btn = document.getElementById("btn");
btn.onclick = function () {
 console.log("btn clicked");
 // event.stopPropagation();
};
window.onclick = function () {
 console.log("clicked");
};
//单击一下的结果:
//btn clicked
//clicked

又如:

var btn = document.getElementById("btn");
btn.onclick = function () {
 console.log("btn clicked");
 event.stopPropagation();
};
window.onclick = function () {
 console.log("clicked");
};
//单击一下的结果:
//btn clicked

eventPhase

该属性用来确定事件当前正位于事件流的哪个阶段。

1、如果是捕获阶段则等于1;
2、如果是目标对象阶段则等于2;
3、如果是冒泡阶段则等于3;
如:

var btn = document.getElementById("btn");

document.body.addEventListener("click", function() {
 console.log("bodyListener" + event.eventPhase);
}, true) //捕获阶段

btn.onclick = function() {
 console.log("btn" + event.eventPhase);
} //目标对象阶段,实际上属于冒泡阶段(在btn上)

document.body.onclick = function() {
 console.log("body" + event.eventPhase);
} //冒泡阶段(在body上)

又如:

var btn = document.getElementById("btn");

document.body.addEventListener("click", function() {
 console.log(event.eventPhase); //1
 console.log(event.currentTarget); //HTMLBodyElement
}, true);

btn.addEventListener("click", function() {
 console.log(event.eventPhase); //2
 console.log(event.currentTarget); //HTMLInputElement
});

document.body.addEventListener("click", function() {
 console.log(event.eventPhase); //3
 console.log(event.currentTarget); //HTMLBodyElement
});

流程大概是:

document.body 捕获阶段 --> btn 目标对象阶段 --> document.body 冒泡阶段

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Building a Multi-Tenant SaaS Application with Next.js (Backend Integration)Building a Multi-Tenant SaaS Application with Next.js (Backend Integration)Apr 11, 2025 am 08:23 AM

I built a functional multi-tenant SaaS application (an EdTech app) with your everyday tech tool and you can do the same. First, what’s a multi-tenant SaaS application? Multi-tenant SaaS applications let you serve multiple customers from a sing

How to Build a Multi-Tenant SaaS Application with Next.js (Frontend Integration)How to Build a Multi-Tenant SaaS Application with Next.js (Frontend Integration)Apr 11, 2025 am 08:22 AM

This article demonstrates frontend integration with a backend secured by Permit, building a functional EdTech SaaS application using Next.js. The frontend fetches user permissions to control UI visibility and ensures API requests adhere to role-base

JavaScript: Exploring the Versatility of a Web LanguageJavaScript: Exploring the Versatility of a Web LanguageApr 11, 2025 am 12:01 AM

JavaScript is the core language of modern web development and is widely used for its diversity and flexibility. 1) Front-end development: build dynamic web pages and single-page applications through DOM operations and modern frameworks (such as React, Vue.js, Angular). 2) Server-side development: Node.js uses a non-blocking I/O model to handle high concurrency and real-time applications. 3) Mobile and desktop application development: cross-platform development is realized through ReactNative and Electron to improve development efficiency.

The Evolution of JavaScript: Current Trends and Future ProspectsThe Evolution of JavaScript: Current Trends and Future ProspectsApr 10, 2025 am 09:33 AM

The latest trends in JavaScript include the rise of TypeScript, the popularity of modern frameworks and libraries, and the application of WebAssembly. Future prospects cover more powerful type systems, the development of server-side JavaScript, the expansion of artificial intelligence and machine learning, and the potential of IoT and edge computing.

Demystifying JavaScript: What It Does and Why It MattersDemystifying JavaScript: What It Does and Why It MattersApr 09, 2025 am 12:07 AM

JavaScript is the cornerstone of modern web development, and its main functions include event-driven programming, dynamic content generation and asynchronous programming. 1) Event-driven programming allows web pages to change dynamically according to user operations. 2) Dynamic content generation allows page content to be adjusted according to conditions. 3) Asynchronous programming ensures that the user interface is not blocked. JavaScript is widely used in web interaction, single-page application and server-side development, greatly improving the flexibility of user experience and cross-platform development.

Is Python or JavaScript better?Is Python or JavaScript better?Apr 06, 2025 am 12:14 AM

Python is more suitable for data science and machine learning, while JavaScript is more suitable for front-end and full-stack development. 1. Python is known for its concise syntax and rich library ecosystem, and is suitable for data analysis and web development. 2. JavaScript is the core of front-end development. Node.js supports server-side programming and is suitable for full-stack development.

How do I install JavaScript?How do I install JavaScript?Apr 05, 2025 am 12:16 AM

JavaScript does not require installation because it is already built into modern browsers. You just need a text editor and a browser to get started. 1) In the browser environment, run it by embedding the HTML file through tags. 2) In the Node.js environment, after downloading and installing Node.js, run the JavaScript file through the command line.

How to send notifications before a task starts in Quartz?How to send notifications before a task starts in Quartz?Apr 04, 2025 pm 09:24 PM

How to send task notifications in Quartz In advance When using the Quartz timer to schedule a task, the execution time of the task is set by the cron expression. Now...

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
WWE 2K25: How To Unlock Everything In MyRise
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

PhpStorm Mac version

PhpStorm Mac version

The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Atom editor mac version download

Atom editor mac version download

The most popular open source editor

SecLists

SecLists

SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.

WebStorm Mac version

WebStorm Mac version

Useful JavaScript development tools