Detailed explanation of some very serious defects based on PHP_PHP Tutorial

1. Poor support for recursion
Recursion is a mechanism by which a function calls itself. This is a powerful feature that can turn something complex into something very simple. An example of using recursion is quicksort. Unfortunately, PHP is not very good at recursion. Zeev, a PHP developer, said: "PHP 4.0 (Zend) uses a stack approach for dense data rather than a heap approach. This means that the limit on the number of recursive functions it can tolerate is significantly smaller than other languages." See bug 1901. This is a very bad excuse. Every programming language should provide good recursion support.
2. Many PHP modules are not thread-safe
A few years ago, Apache released version 2.0 of the web server. This version supports multi-threading mode, in which one part of the software can run multiple parts at the same time. The inventor of PHP says that the core of PHP is thread-safe, but non-core modules may not be. But nine times out of ten, you want to use this module in a PHP script, but this makes your script incompatible with Apache's multi-threaded mode. This is why the PHP team does not recommend running PHP in Apache 2's multi-threaded mode. PHP's poor multi-threaded mode support is often cited as one of the reasons why Apache 2 remains unpopular.
3. PHP is not sound due to business reasons
By using caching, the performance of PHP can be increased by 500% [see benchmark]. So why isn't caching built into PHP? Because Zend, the maker of PHP, sells its own Zend Accelerator, so of course, they don't want to ditch their commercial product.
But there is another alternative: APC. (Zend later launched Zend Optimizer, a free accelerator - Translator)
4. No namespace
Imagine someone making a PHP module for reading files. One function in the module is called read. Then another person's module can read the web page, which also contains a function read. Then we can't use these two modules at the same time, because PHP doesn't know which function you want to use. But there is a very simple solution, and that is namespaces. Someone once suggested adding this feature to PHP5, but unfortunately he did not do so. Now, without namespaces, each function must be prefixed with the module name to avoid name conflicts. This results in horribly long function names, such as xsl_xsltprocessor_transform_to_XML, which makes the code difficult to write and understand.
5. Non-standard date format characters
Many programmers are familiar with date format characters, which come from UNIX and C languages. Several other programming languages ​​have adopted this standard, but strangely enough, PHP has its own set of completely incompatible date format characters. In C, "%j" represents the day of the year, and in PHP it represents the day of the month. However, to make matters even more confusing: Smarty (a popular PHP template engine)'s strftime function and date_format function use C/UNIX formatting characters.
6. Confusing licenses
You may think that PHP is free, and all PHP modules mentioned in the manual are also free. Wrong! For example, if you want to generate PDF files in PHP, you will find two modules in the manual: PDF and ClibPDF. But both of these are commercially licensed. So, for every module you use, you have to make sure you agree to its license.
7. Inconsistent function naming rules
Some function names are composed of multiple words. There are generally three habits of word combinations:
Direct splicing: getnumberoffiles
Separated by underscores: get_number_of_files
Camel Rule: getNumberOfFiles
Choose one of these for most languages. But PHP is used.
For example, if you want to convert some special characters into HTML entities, you would use the function htmlentities (directly splicing words). If you want to use the opposite functionality, you need to use its little brother html_entity_decode. For some special reason, this function name has words separated by underscores. How can this be? You know there is a function called strpad. Or is it str_pad? Every time you have to check what the symbol is or just wait for an error. Functions are case-insensitive, so for PHP there is no difference between rawurldecode and RawUrlDecode. This is also bad because both are used and they look different, confusing the reader.
8. The hell of magic quotes
Magic quote can protect PHP scripts from SQL injection attacks. This is good. But for some reasons, you can turn off this configuration in php.ini. So if you want to write a flexible script, you always need to check whether magic references are on or off.Such a "feature" is supposed to make programming easier, but in fact it makes it more complicated.
9. Lack of standard framework
A growing website without an overall framework will eventually become a maintenance nightmare. A framework can make many tasks easier. The most popular framework model now is the MVC-model, in which the presentation layer, business logic and database access are separated.
Many PHP websites do not use the MVC-model. They don't even have a frame. Even now there are some PHP frameworks and you can write one yourself. The articles and manuals about PHP do not improve the framework a word. While JSP-developers use frameworks like Struts and ASP developers use .net, it seems like these concepts are widely understood by PHP developers. This shows how professional PHP actually is.
Summary
What’s the problem?
For very small projects, it can be a very satisfactory programming language. But for larger and more complex projects, PHP shows its weakness. As you keep exploring, you will find solutions to some of the problems I mentioned. So, when the solution is known, why can't it be fixed? And why aren't these fixes mentioned in the manual? It's a good thing that an open source language is very popular. But unfortunately, it's not a great language. I hope that all the problems will be solved one day (maybe in PHP6?), and then we will have an open source language that is both open source and easy to use.
As of now, when you want to start a project with more than 5 script pages, you'd better consider C#/ASP.NET or Java/JSP or maybe Python is also a better choice.

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