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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorialphp中socket通信机制实例详解_php技巧

本文实例讲述了php中socket通信机制及用法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:

一、socket是什么

什么是socket 所谓socket通常也称作"套接字",用于描述ip地址和端口,是一个通信链的句柄。应用程序通常通过"套接字"向网络发出请求或者应答网络请求。说白了就是一种通信机制。它类似于银行,电信啊这些部分的电话客服部门。你打电话的时候,那边会分配置一个人回答你的问题,客服部门就相当于socket的服务器端了,你这边呢就相当于客户端了,在和你通话结束前,如果有人在想找和你通话的那个说话,是不可能的,因为你在和他通信,当然客服部门的电话交换机也不会重复分配。

下面我将举例子来说明一下,socket是怎么工作的。如果你是基于应用层开发的人员并不一定要理解原理,但是能知道那是更好了。网上有关于socket的php api。下下来用就行了。

二、socket服务器server.php

复制代码 代码如下:
// 建立server端socket 
$tcp = getprotobyname("tcp"); 
$socket = socket_create(af_inet, sock_stream, $tcp); 
socket_bind($socket, '127.0.0.1', 10008);       //绑定要监听的端口 
socket_listen($socket);       //监听端口
 
//初始化一个数据,和客户端通信 
$buffer = "connect"; 
while (true) { 
    // 接受一个socket连接 
    $connection = socket_accept($socket); 
    if(!$connection){ 
        echo "connect fail"; 
    }else{ 
            echo  "socket connected "; 
            // 向客户端传递一个信息数据 
            if ($buffer != "") { 
                echo "send data to client "; 
                socket_write($connection, $buffer . " "); 
                echo  "wrote to socket "; 
            } else { 
                echo  "no data in the buffer " ; 
            } 
            // 从客户端取得信息 
            while ($data = @socket_read($connection, 1024, php_normal_read)) { 
                    printf("buffer: " . $data . " "); 
                    //取得信息给客户端一个反馈 
                    socket_write($connection, "information received "); 
            }
    }
 
    socket_close($connection); 
    //关闭 socket 
    printf("closed the socket "); 

?>

三、socket客户端client.php
复制代码 代码如下:
// 建立客户端的socet连接 
$socket = socket_create(af_inet, sock_stream, sol_tcp); 
$connection = socket_connect($socket, '127.0.0.1', 10008);    //连接服务器端socket
 
while ($buffer = @socket_read($socket, 1024, php_normal_read)) { 
    //服务端告诉客户端,自己的状态 
    if (preg_match("/not connect/",$buffer)) { 
        echo "don`t connect "; 
        break; 
    } else { 
        //服务器传来信息 
        echo "buffer data: " . $buffer . " ";
 
        echo "writing to socket "; 
        // 将客户的信息写到通道中,传给服务器端 
        if (!socket_write($socket, "some data ")) { 
            echo "write failed "; 
        } 
        //服务器端收到信息后,给于的回应信息 
        while ($buffer = socket_read($socket, 1024, php_normal_read)) { 
                echo "sent to server: some data response from server was:" . $buffer . " "; 
        }
 
    } 
}
?>

四、通信机制的一个图片(不考虑等待时间结束自动关闭socket)

简单说明一下,在说明前我要说一下,为什么要用php命令来执行服务器和客户端,客户端你用fsockopen,这样就在流览器上访问了,不至少于会连接超时。为什么会这样呢,因为你创建一个socket时,它会不断的去监听客户有没有要来连接。

socket通信的建立要二个socket通道,一个是服务器端创建的,一个是客户端创建的。

1号线,服务器创建一个socket通道,并将信息放到缓存,等待客户端连接

2号线,客户端创建一个socket通道,并连接服务器端,取得服务器端的信息进行通信,将要传的信息送入通道

3号线,服务器端从客户端取得信息,并告诉客户端,信息我已经收到了。将要传的信息送入通道

4号线,客户端从服务器端取得确认信息

到此一个通信就完全建立了,数据传输完毕后,服务器端会断开socket通信,具体操作如下.

1 运行socket服务器端

复制代码 代码如下:
[root@blackghost zhangy]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -a /home/zhangy/www/test2/server.php
interactive mode enabled

这一点做了那些工作呢

a 监听了一个10008端口

复制代码 代码如下:
[zhangy@blackghost ~]$ netstat -an |grep listen |grep 10008

tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:10008    0.0.0.0:*      listen

[zhangy@blackghost ~]$

b 将信息送到缓存里面

复制代码 代码如下:
$buffer = "connect";
看上面的代码

2 运行socket客户端

复制代码 代码如下:
[root@blackghost zhangy]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -a /home/zhangy/www/test2/client.php
interactive mode enabled
 
buffer data: connect
 
writing to socket
sent to server: some data
response from server was:information received

3 回到服务器端
复制代码 代码如下:
[root@blackghost zhangy]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -a /home/zhangy/www/test2/server.php
interactive mode enabled
 
socket connected
send data to client
wrote to socket
buffer: some data
 
closed the socket

希望本文所述对大家的php程序设计有所帮助。

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