本文实例讲述了php中socket通信机制及用法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:
一、socket是什么
什么是socket 所谓socket通常也称作"套接字",用于描述ip地址和端口,是一个通信链的句柄。应用程序通常通过"套接字"向网络发出请求或者应答网络请求。说白了就是一种通信机制。它类似于银行,电信啊这些部分的电话客服部门。你打电话的时候,那边会分配置一个人回答你的问题,客服部门就相当于socket的服务器端了,你这边呢就相当于客户端了,在和你通话结束前,如果有人在想找和你通话的那个说话,是不可能的,因为你在和他通信,当然客服部门的电话交换机也不会重复分配。
下面我将举例子来说明一下,socket是怎么工作的。如果你是基于应用层开发的人员并不一定要理解原理,但是能知道那是更好了。网上有关于socket的php api。下下来用就行了。
二、socket服务器server.php
$tcp = getprotobyname("tcp");
$socket = socket_create(af_inet, sock_stream, $tcp);
socket_bind($socket, '127.0.0.1', 10008); //绑定要监听的端口
socket_listen($socket); //监听端口
//初始化一个数据,和客户端通信
$buffer = "connect";
while (true) {
// 接受一个socket连接
$connection = socket_accept($socket);
if(!$connection){
echo "connect fail";
}else{
echo "socket connected ";
// 向客户端传递一个信息数据
if ($buffer != "") {
echo "send data to client ";
socket_write($connection, $buffer . " ");
echo "wrote to socket ";
} else {
echo "no data in the buffer " ;
}
// 从客户端取得信息
while ($data = @socket_read($connection, 1024, php_normal_read)) {
printf("buffer: " . $data . " ");
//取得信息给客户端一个反馈
socket_write($connection, "information received ");
}
}
socket_close($connection);
//关闭 socket
printf("closed the socket ");
}
?>
三、socket客户端client.php
$socket = socket_create(af_inet, sock_stream, sol_tcp);
$connection = socket_connect($socket, '127.0.0.1', 10008); //连接服务器端socket
while ($buffer = @socket_read($socket, 1024, php_normal_read)) {
//服务端告诉客户端,自己的状态
if (preg_match("/not connect/",$buffer)) {
echo "don`t connect ";
break;
} else {
//服务器传来信息
echo "buffer data: " . $buffer . " ";
echo "writing to socket ";
// 将客户的信息写到通道中,传给服务器端
if (!socket_write($socket, "some data ")) {
echo "write failed ";
}
//服务器端收到信息后,给于的回应信息
while ($buffer = socket_read($socket, 1024, php_normal_read)) {
echo "sent to server: some data response from server was:" . $buffer . " ";
}
}
}
?>
四、通信机制的一个图片(不考虑等待时间结束自动关闭socket)
简单说明一下,在说明前我要说一下,为什么要用php命令来执行服务器和客户端,客户端你用fsockopen,这样就在流览器上访问了,不至少于会连接超时。为什么会这样呢,因为你创建一个socket时,它会不断的去监听客户有没有要来连接。
socket通信的建立要二个socket通道,一个是服务器端创建的,一个是客户端创建的。
1号线,服务器创建一个socket通道,并将信息放到缓存,等待客户端连接
2号线,客户端创建一个socket通道,并连接服务器端,取得服务器端的信息进行通信,将要传的信息送入通道
3号线,服务器端从客户端取得信息,并告诉客户端,信息我已经收到了。将要传的信息送入通道
4号线,客户端从服务器端取得确认信息
到此一个通信就完全建立了,数据传输完毕后,服务器端会断开socket通信,具体操作如下.
1 运行socket服务器端
interactive mode enabled
这一点做了那些工作呢
a 监听了一个10008端口
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:10008 0.0.0.0:* listen
[zhangy@blackghost ~]$
b 将信息送到缓存里面
2 运行socket客户端
interactive mode enabled
buffer data: connect
writing to socket
sent to server: some data
response from server was:information received
3 回到服务器端
interactive mode enabled
socket connected
send data to client
wrote to socket
buffer: some data
closed the socket
希望本文所述对大家的php程序设计有所帮助。

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