search
HomeWeb Front-endJS TutorialLearn JavaScript design patterns template method pattern_javascript skills

1. Definition

The template method is based on the inheritance design pattern, which can greatly improve the scalability of the system. Abstract parent class and subclass in java
The template method consists of two parts of the structure, the first part is the abstract parent class, and the second part is the concrete implementation subclass.

2. Example

Coffee or Tea
(1) Boil water
(2) Soak tea leaves in boiling water
(3) Pour the tea into the cup
(4) Add lemon

/* 抽象父类:饮料 */
var Beverage = function(){};
// (1) 把水煮沸
Beverage.prototype.boilWater = function() {
  console.log("把水煮沸");
};
// (2) 沸水浸泡
Beverage.prototype.brew = function() {
  throw new Error("子类必须重写brew方法");
};
// (3) 倒进杯子
Beverage.prototype.pourInCup = function() {
  throw new Error("子类必须重写pourInCup方法");
};
// (4) 加调料
Beverage.prototype.addCondiments = function() {
  throw new Error("子类必须重写addCondiments方法");
};

/* 模板方法 */
Beverage.prototype.init = function() {
  this.boilWater();
  this.brew();
  this.pourInCup();
  this.addCondiments();
}

/* 实现子类 Coffee*/
var Coffee = function(){};
Coffee.prototype = new Beverage();
// 重写非公有方法
Coffee.prototype.brew = function() {
  console.log("用沸水冲泡咖啡");
};
Coffee.prototype.pourInCup = function() {
  console.log("把咖啡倒进杯子");
};
Coffee.prototype.addCondiments = function() {
  console.log("加牛奶");
};
var coffee = new Coffee();
coffee.init();

Using the template method pattern, the algorithm framework of the subclass is encapsulated in the parent class. These algorithm frameworks are suitable for most subcategories under normal circumstances, but "personality" subcategories will also appear.
As in the above process, adding seasonings is optional.
The hook method can solve this problem. Placing hooks is a common means of isolating changes.

/* 添加钩子方法 */
Beverage.prototype.customerWantsCondiments = function() {
  return true;
};
Beverage.prototype.init = function() {
  this.boilWater();
  this.brew();
  this.pourInCup();
  if(this.customerWantsCondiments()) {
    this.addCondiments();
  }
}

/* 实现子类 Tea*/
var Tea = function(){};
Tea.prototype = new Beverage();
// 重写非公有方法
Tea.prototype.brew = function() {
  console.log("用沸水冲泡茶");
};
Tea.prototype.pourInCup = function() {
  console.log("把茶倒进杯子");
};
Tea.prototype.addCondiments = function() {
  console.log("加牛奶");
};
Tea.prototype.customerWantsCondiments = function() {
  return window.confirm("需要添加调料吗?");
};
var tea = new Tea();
tea.init();

JavaScript does not provide true class inheritance. Inheritance is achieved through delegation between objects.

3. "Hollywood Principle": Don't call us, we will call you

Typical usage scenarios:

(1) Template method pattern: Using this design pattern means that the subclass gives up control of itself and instead informs the subclass to the parent class. As a subclass, it is only responsible for providing some design details.
(2) Observer mode: The publisher pushes the message to the subscribers.
(3) Callback function: ajax asynchronous request encapsulates the operations that need to be performed in the callback function. This callback function is only executed when the data is returned.

I hope this article will be helpful to everyone learning JavaScript programming.

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
The Origins of JavaScript: Exploring Its Implementation LanguageThe Origins of JavaScript: Exploring Its Implementation LanguageApr 29, 2025 am 12:51 AM

JavaScript originated in 1995 and was created by Brandon Ike, and realized the language into C. 1.C language provides high performance and system-level programming capabilities for JavaScript. 2. JavaScript's memory management and performance optimization rely on C language. 3. The cross-platform feature of C language helps JavaScript run efficiently on different operating systems.

Behind the Scenes: What Language Powers JavaScript?Behind the Scenes: What Language Powers JavaScript?Apr 28, 2025 am 12:01 AM

JavaScript runs in browsers and Node.js environments and relies on the JavaScript engine to parse and execute code. 1) Generate abstract syntax tree (AST) in the parsing stage; 2) convert AST into bytecode or machine code in the compilation stage; 3) execute the compiled code in the execution stage.

The Future of Python and JavaScript: Trends and PredictionsThe Future of Python and JavaScript: Trends and PredictionsApr 27, 2025 am 12:21 AM

The future trends of Python and JavaScript include: 1. Python will consolidate its position in the fields of scientific computing and AI, 2. JavaScript will promote the development of web technology, 3. Cross-platform development will become a hot topic, and 4. Performance optimization will be the focus. Both will continue to expand application scenarios in their respective fields and make more breakthroughs in performance.

Python vs. JavaScript: Development Environments and ToolsPython vs. JavaScript: Development Environments and ToolsApr 26, 2025 am 12:09 AM

Both Python and JavaScript's choices in development environments are important. 1) Python's development environment includes PyCharm, JupyterNotebook and Anaconda, which are suitable for data science and rapid prototyping. 2) The development environment of JavaScript includes Node.js, VSCode and Webpack, which are suitable for front-end and back-end development. Choosing the right tools according to project needs can improve development efficiency and project success rate.

Is JavaScript Written in C? Examining the EvidenceIs JavaScript Written in C? Examining the EvidenceApr 25, 2025 am 12:15 AM

Yes, the engine core of JavaScript is written in C. 1) The C language provides efficient performance and underlying control, which is suitable for the development of JavaScript engine. 2) Taking the V8 engine as an example, its core is written in C, combining the efficiency and object-oriented characteristics of C. 3) The working principle of the JavaScript engine includes parsing, compiling and execution, and the C language plays a key role in these processes.

JavaScript's Role: Making the Web Interactive and DynamicJavaScript's Role: Making the Web Interactive and DynamicApr 24, 2025 am 12:12 AM

JavaScript is at the heart of modern websites because it enhances the interactivity and dynamicity of web pages. 1) It allows to change content without refreshing the page, 2) manipulate web pages through DOMAPI, 3) support complex interactive effects such as animation and drag-and-drop, 4) optimize performance and best practices to improve user experience.

C   and JavaScript: The Connection ExplainedC and JavaScript: The Connection ExplainedApr 23, 2025 am 12:07 AM

C and JavaScript achieve interoperability through WebAssembly. 1) C code is compiled into WebAssembly module and introduced into JavaScript environment to enhance computing power. 2) In game development, C handles physics engines and graphics rendering, and JavaScript is responsible for game logic and user interface.

From Websites to Apps: The Diverse Applications of JavaScriptFrom Websites to Apps: The Diverse Applications of JavaScriptApr 22, 2025 am 12:02 AM

JavaScript is widely used in websites, mobile applications, desktop applications and server-side programming. 1) In website development, JavaScript operates DOM together with HTML and CSS to achieve dynamic effects and supports frameworks such as jQuery and React. 2) Through ReactNative and Ionic, JavaScript is used to develop cross-platform mobile applications. 3) The Electron framework enables JavaScript to build desktop applications. 4) Node.js allows JavaScript to run on the server side and supports high concurrent requests.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

Integrate Eclipse with SAP NetWeaver application server.

mPDF

mPDF

mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Dreamweaver Mac version

Dreamweaver Mac version

Visual web development tools

EditPlus Chinese cracked version

EditPlus Chinese cracked version

Small size, syntax highlighting, does not support code prompt function