Home > Article > Backend Development > Usage of PHP scope qualifier double colon::_PHP tutorial
The double-colon operator, the Scope Resolution Operator, can access static, const, and overridden properties and methods in classes.
If used outside the class definition, use the class name to call. In PHP 5.3.0, you can use variables instead of class names.
<?php class Fruit { const CONST_VALUE = 'Fruit Color'; } $classname = 'Fruit'; echo $classname::CONST_VALUE; // As of PHP 5.3.0 echo Fruit::CONST_VALUE; ?>
<?php class Fruit { const CONST_VALUE = 'Fruit Color'; } class Apple extends Fruit { public static $color = 'Red'; public static function doubleColon() { echo parent::CONST_VALUE . "\n"; echo self::$color . "\n"; } } Apple::doubleColon(); ?>
Program execution result:
Fruit Color Red
<?php class Fruit { protected function showColor() { echo "Fruit::showColor()\n"; } } class Apple extends Fruit { // Override parent's definition public function showColor() { // But still call the parent function parent::showColor(); echo "Apple::showColor()\n"; } } $apple = new Apple(); $apple->showColor(); ?>
Program execution result:
Fruit::showColor() Apple::showColor()
<?php class Apple { public function showColor() { return $this->color; } } class Banana { public $color; public function __construct() { $this->color = "Banana is yellow"; } public function GetColor() { return Apple::showColor(); } } $banana = new Banana; echo $banana->GetColor(); ?>
Program execution result:
Banana is yellow
<?php class Fruit { static function color() { return "color"; } static function showColor() { echo "show " . self::color(); } } class Apple extends Fruit { static function color() { return "red"; } } Apple::showColor(); // output is "show color"! ?>
Program execution result:
show color