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php构造方法中析构方法在继承中的表现,php构造

本文为大家分享了php构造方法之析构方法在继承中的表现,供大家参考,具体内容如下

子类中没有定义构造方法时,会自动调用父类的构造方法。因此实例化子类时,需按照父类的构造方法的形式进行。

修改为:

子类定义了自己的构造方法,则不会自动调用父类的构造方法,但可以手动调用:parent::__construct();

但通常,在子类,很多时候,在构造方法中,都应该(需要)去调用父类的构造方法以节省代码,增加可读性:

子类中没有定义析构方法时,会自动调用父类的析构方法。子类定义了自己的析构方法,则不会自动调用父类的析构方法,但可以手动调用:parent::__destruct()。重写override

重写又叫覆盖,就是将从父类继承下来的属性或方法重新“定义”——就是从新写。

但注意:子类覆盖父类的方法,虽然可以去调用父类的同名方法去完成一定的工作,但不是必须的。也有可能父类的该方法所执行的结果并不适合子类,此时子类就去完全自己写了。

重写的基本要求:

访问控制权限:下级的访问控制权限应该不低于上级的访问控制权限:上级:public 下级:只能public上级:protected 下级: protected, public上级:private 下级:private protected public——实际此情况无意义。私有的不能覆盖,而是完全当作自己全新的。

方法的参数形式:应该跟父类的一致。

私有属性和私有方法的重写问题:私有属性和方法都不能覆盖,但其实子类可以定义跟父类私有的同名属性或方法。只是当作一个自身的新的属性或方法来看待而已。不过方法的参数必须一致。构造方法的重写问题:构造方法不但可以像其他普通方法一样重写,而且,比普通方法更宽松:重写的时候参数可以不一致。

最终类final class:

通常,一个类,没有特别声明的话,则“别人”就可以随意拿过来使用并对之进行“扩展”——继承。

但是:

如果某个类不希望对其进行扩展,则可以将其声明为“最终类”。

形式:

final class 类名{ 。。。。类定义。。。。}

最终方法final method

通常,一个方法,如果没有特别声明,则下级类就可以对其进行“覆盖”(重写)。

但是:

如果某个方法不希望被下级类覆盖,就可以对其生命为“最终方法”。

形式:

final function 方法名(){。。。。方法定义。。。。}

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

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