


Collection of notes on commonly used array operation methods in PHP, overview of array operation methods
To access the contents of a variable, use its name directly. If the variable is an array, its contents can be accessed using a combination of the variable name and a keyword or index.
Like other variables, the contents of array elements can be changed using operator =. Array cells can be accessed via the array[key] syntax.
Basic operations on arrays
PHP defines array:
<?php $array = array(); $array["key"] = "values"; ?>
There are two main ways to declare arrays in PHP:
1. Use the array() function to declare an array,
2. Directly assign values to array elements.
<?php //array数组 $users = array('phone','computer','dos','linux'); echo $users;//只会打印出数据类型Array print_r($users);//Array ( [0] => phone [1] => computer [2] => dos [3] => linux ) $numbers = range(1,5);//创建一个包含指定范围的数组 print_r($numbers);//Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 [4] => 5 ) print_r(true);//1 var_dump(false);//bool(false) //print_r可以把字符串和数字简单地打印出来,数组会以Array开头并已键值形式表示,print_r输出布尔值和null的结果没有意义,因此用var_dump更合适 //通过循环来显示数组里所有的值 for($i = 0 ;$i < 5;$i++){ echo $users[$i]; echo '<br/>'; } //通过count/sizeof统计数组中单元数目或对象中的属性个数 for($i = 0; $i < count($users);$i++){ echo $users[$i]; echo '<br/>'; } //还可以通过foreach循环来遍历数组,这种好处在于不需要考虑key foreach($users as $value){ echo $value.'<br/>';//点号为字符串连接符号 } //foreach循环遍历 $key => $value;$key和$value是变量名,可以自行设置 foreach($users as $key => $value){ echo $key.'<br/>';//输出键 } ?>
Create an array of custom keys
<?php //创建自定义键的数组 $ceo = array('apple'=>'jobs','microsoft'=>'Nadella','Larry Page','Eric'); //如果不去声明元素的key,它会从零开始 print_r($ceo);//Array ( [apple] => jobs [microsoft] => Nadella [0] => Larry Page [1] => Eric ) echo $ceo['apple'];//jobs //php5.4起的用法 $array = [ "foo" => "bar", "bar" => "foo", ]; print_r($array);//Array ( [foo] => bar [bar] => foo ) ?>
From php5.4 onwards, you can use short array definition syntax, using [] instead of array(). It is somewhat similar to the definition of arrays in JavaScript.
Usage of each()
<?php //通过为数组元素赋值来创建数组 $ages['trigkit4'] = 22; echo $ages.'<br/>';//Array //因为相关数组的索引不是数字,所以无法通过for循环来进行遍历操作,只能通过foreach循环或list()和each()结构 //each的使用 //each返回数组中当前的键/值对并将数组指针向前移动一步 $users = array('trigkit4'=>22,'mike'=>20,'john'=>30); //print_r(each($users));//Array ( [1] => 22 [value] => 22 [0] => trigkit4 [key] => trigkit4 ) //相当于:$a = array([0]=>trigkit4,[1]=>22,[value]=>22,[key]=>trigkit4); $a = each($users);//each把原来的数组的第一个元素拿出来包装成新数组后赋值给$a echo $a[0];//trigkit4 //!!表示将真实存在的数据转换成布尔值 echo !!each($users);//1 ?>
The pointer of each points to the first key-value pair, and returns the first array element, obtains its key-value pair, and wraps it into a new array
Usage of list()
list is used to assign the values of the array to some variables, see the following example:
<?php $a = ['2','abc','def']; list($var1,$var2) = $a; echo $var1.'<br/>';//2 echo $var2;//abc $a = ['name'=>'trigkit4','age'=>22,'0'=>'boy']; //list只认识key为数字的索引 list($var1,$var2) = $a; echo $var1;//boy ?>
Note: list only recognizes indexes whose keys are numbers
Sort of array elements
Reverse sorting: sort(), asort() and ksort() are all forward sorting, and of course there is a corresponding reverse sorting.
Implement reverse: rsort(), arsort() and krsort().
The array_unshift() function adds new elements to the head of the array, and the array_push() function adds each new element to the end of the array.
array_shift() deletes the first element at the head of the array. The opposite function is array_pop(), which deletes and returns an element at the end of the array.
array_rand() returns one or more keys in an array.
The function shuffle() randomly sorts the elements of the array.
The function array_reverse() gives a reverse sort of the original array
Uses of various APIs for arrays
count() and sizeof() count the number of array subscripts
array_count_values() counts the number of subscript values in the array
<?php $numbers = array('100','2'); sort($numbers,SORT_STRING);//按字符串排序,字符串只比较第一位大小 print_r($numbers);//Array ( [0] => 100 [1] => 2 ) $arr = array('trigkit4','banner','10'); sort($arr,SORT_STRING); print_r($arr);//Array ( [0] => 10 [1] => banner [2] => trigkit4 ) shuffle($arr); print_r($arr);//随机排序 $array = array('a','b','c','d','0','1'); array_reverse($array); print_r($array);//原数组的反向排序。 Array ( [0] => a [1] => b [2] => c [3] => d [4] => 0 [5] => 1 ) //数组的拷贝 $arr1 = array( '10' , 2); $arr2 = &$arr1 ; $arr2 [] = 4 ; // $arr2 被改变了,$arr1仍然是array('10', 3) print_r($arr2);//Array ( [0] => 10 [1] => 2 [2] => 4 ) //asort的使用 $arr3 = & $arr1 ;//现在arr1和arr3是一样的 $arr3 [] = '3' ; asort($arr3);//对数组进行排序并保留原始关系 print_r($arr3);// Array ( [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [0] => 10 ) //ksort的使用 $fruits = array('c'=>'banana','a'=>'apple','d'=>'orange'); ksort($fruits); print_r($fruits);//Array ( [a] => apple [c] => banana [d] => orange ) //unshift的使用 array_unshift($array,'z');//开头处添加一元素 print_r($array);//Array ( [0] => z [1] => a [2] => b [3] => c [4] => d [5] => 0 [6] => 1 ) //current(pos)的使用 echo current($array);//z;获取当前数组中的当前单元 //next的使用 echo next($array);//a;将数组中的内部指针向前移动一位 //reset的使用 echo reset($array);//z;将数组内部指针指向第一个单元 //prev的使用 echo next($array);//a; echo prev($array);//z;倒回一位 //sizeof的使用 echo sizeof($array);//7;统计数组元素的个数 //array_count_values $num = array(10,20,30,10,20,1,0,10);//统计数组元素出现的次数 print_r(array_count_values($num));//Array ( [10] => 3 [20] => 2 [30] => 1 [1] => 1 [0] => 1 ) ?>
current(): Each array has an internal pointer pointing to its current unit, initially pointing to the first element inserted into the array
for loop traversal
<?php $value = range(0,120,10); for($i=0;$i<count($value);$i++){ print_r($value[$i].' ');//0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 } ?>
Instance of array
Usage of array_pad function
<?php //array_pad函数,数组数组首尾选择性追加 $num = array(1=>10,2=>20,3=>30); $num = array_pad($num,4,40); print_r($num);//Array ( [0] => 10 [1] => 20 [2] => 30 [3] => 40 ) $num = array_pad($num,-5,50);//array_pad(array,size,value) print_r($num);//Array ( [0] => 50 [1] => 10 [2] => 20 [3] => 30 [4] => 40 ) ?>
size: specified length. Integers are padded to the right, and negative numbers are padded to the left.
Usage of unset()
<?php //unset()的使用 $num = array_fill(0,5,rand(1,10));//rand(min,max) print_r($num);//Array ( [0] => 8 [1] => 8 [2] => 8 [3] => 8 [4] => 8 ) echo '<br/>'; unset($num[3]); print_r($num);//Array ( [0] => 8 [1] => 8 [2] => 8 [4] => 8 ) ?>
Usage of array_fill()
<?php //array_fill()的使用 $num = range('a','e'); $arrayFilled = array_fill(1,2,$num);//array_fill(start,number,value) echo '<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">'; print_r($arrayFilled); ?>
Usage of array_combine()
<?PHP $number = array(1,2,3,4,5); $array = array("I","Am","A","PHP","er"); $newArray = array_combine($number,$array); print_r($newArray);//Array ( [1] => I [2] => Am [3] => A [4] => PHP [5] => er ) ?>
array_splice() deletes array members
<?php $color = array("red", "green", "blue", "yellow"); count ($color); //得到4 array_splice($color,1,1); //删除第二个元素 print_r(count ($color)); //3 echo $color[2]; //yellow echo $color[1]; //blue ?>
array_unique removes duplicate values in an array
<?php $color=array("red", "green", "blue", "yellow","blue","green"); $result = array_unique($color); print_r($result);//Array ( [0] => red [1] => green [2] => blue [3] => yellow ) ?>
array_flip() exchanges the key and value of the array
<?PHP $array = array("red","blue","red","Black"); print_r($array); echo "<br />"; $array = array_flip($array);// print_r($array);//Array ( [red] => 2 [blue] => 1 [Black] => 3 ) ?>
array_search() search value
<meta charset="utf-8"> <?php $array = array("red","blue","red","Black"); $result=array_search("red",$array)//array_search(value,array,strict) if(($result === NULL)){ echo "不存在数值red"; }else{ echo "存在数值 $result";//存在数值 0 } ?>

php把负数转为正整数的方法:1、使用abs()函数将负数转为正数,使用intval()函数对正数取整,转为正整数,语法“intval(abs($number))”;2、利用“~”位运算符将负数取反加一,语法“~$number + 1”。

实现方法:1、使用“sleep(延迟秒数)”语句,可延迟执行函数若干秒;2、使用“time_nanosleep(延迟秒数,延迟纳秒数)”语句,可延迟执行函数若干秒和纳秒;3、使用“time_sleep_until(time()+7)”语句。

php除以100保留两位小数的方法:1、利用“/”运算符进行除法运算,语法“数值 / 100”;2、使用“number_format(除法结果, 2)”或“sprintf("%.2f",除法结果)”语句进行四舍五入的处理值,并保留两位小数。

判断方法:1、使用“strtotime("年-月-日")”语句将给定的年月日转换为时间戳格式;2、用“date("z",时间戳)+1”语句计算指定时间戳是一年的第几天。date()返回的天数是从0开始计算的,因此真实天数需要在此基础上加1。

方法:1、用“str_replace(" ","其他字符",$str)”语句,可将nbsp符替换为其他字符;2、用“preg_replace("/(\s|\ \;||\xc2\xa0)/","其他字符",$str)”语句。

php判断有没有小数点的方法:1、使用“strpos(数字字符串,'.')”语法,如果返回小数点在字符串中第一次出现的位置,则有小数点;2、使用“strrpos(数字字符串,'.')”语句,如果返回小数点在字符串中最后一次出现的位置,则有。

php字符串有下标。在PHP中,下标不仅可以应用于数组和对象,还可应用于字符串,利用字符串的下标和中括号“[]”可以访问指定索引位置的字符,并对该字符进行读写,语法“字符串名[下标值]”;字符串的下标值(索引值)只能是整数类型,起始值为0。

查找方法:1、用strpos(),语法“strpos("字符串值","查找子串")+1”;2、用stripos(),语法“strpos("字符串值","查找子串")+1”。因为字符串是从0开始计数的,因此两个函数获取的位置需要进行加1处理。


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