如何防止页面重复刷新,在php环境下可以利用session来轻松实现。
b.php的代码
<?php //只能通过post方式访问 if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'GET') {header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found'); die('亲,页面不存在');} session_start(); $fs1=$_POST['a']; $fs2=$_POST['b']; //防刷新时间,单位为秒 $allowTime = 30; //读取访客ip,以便于针对ip限制刷新 /*获取真实ip开始*/ if ( ! function_exists('GetIP')) { function GetIP() { static $ip = NULL; if ($ip !== NULL) { return $ip; } if (isset($_SERVER)) { if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) { $arr = explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']); /* 取X-Forwarded-For中第x个非unknown的有效IP字符? */ foreach ($arr as $xip) { $xip = trim($xip); if ($xip != 'unknown') { $ip = $xip; break; } } } elseif (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])) { $ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']; } else { if (isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'])) { $ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']; } else { $ip = '0.0.0.0'; } } } else { if (getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR')) { $ip = getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'); } elseif (getenv('HTTP_CLIENT_IP')) { $ip = getenv('HTTP_CLIENT_IP'); } else { $ip = getenv('REMOTE_ADDR'); } } preg_match("/[\d\.]{7,15}/", $ip, $onlineip); $ip = ! empty($onlineip[0]) ? $onlineip[0] : '0.0.0.0'; return $ip; } } /*获取真实ip结束*/ $reip = GetIP(); //相关参数md5加密 $allowT = md5($reip.$fs1.$fs2); if(!isset($_SESSION[$allowT])){ $_SESSION[$allowT] = time(); } else if(time() - $_SESSION[$allowT]-->$allowTime){ $_SESSION[$allowT] = time(); } //如果刷新过快,则直接给出404header头以及提示 else {header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found'); die('来自'.$ip.'的亲,您刷新过快了');} ?>
代码很简单,无非是把ip,以及通过POST方式提交到需要防刷新页面的数据经过md5加密后写入session中,再通过存储的session来判断刷新时间间隔从而决定是否允许刷新。需要说明的是"$fs1=$_POST['a'];"、"$fs1=$_POST['a'];"两个参数是指其他页面通过post方式提交到需要防刷新页的参数。之所以除了ip之外还要加这些参数的原因是为了区别不同的post结果。(实际上所谓的防刷新也就是防止某一页面被反复提交。)
更具体的说,比如上述代码放在b.php页面的开头,我们在a.html页面有一个如下表单:
代码:
<!DOCTYPE> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>b.html</title> </head> <body> <form action="b.php" method="post" > <input type="hidden" id="a" name="a" value="a"/> <input type="hidden" id="b" name="b" value="b"/> <button name="" type="submit" >提交</button> </form> </body> </html>
可以看到这个页面提交的a和b 2个参数正是前面b.php中的2个参数(实际上应该反过来说,由提交页面的参数来决定)。在前面的php代码中,已经确定只能通过post访问被提交数据的页面,所以直接输入地址会得到一个404头的错误页面,只能通过post方式来得到页面,同时post刷新的时候会自己带上参数地址,这样就实现了同一页面每个ip的防止刷新效果。
另外我们可以在被post的页面增加通过referer判定来源网站,防止跨站提交,不过referer可以伪造,而且firefox和ie8经常莫名其妙出现referer丢失的情况,所以暂时也就不加这个代码。

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