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HomeWeb Front-endHTML Tutorialcss实现右侧固定宽度,左侧宽度自适应_html/css_WEB-ITnose

反过来也可以:左侧宽度固定,右侧自适应。不管是左是右,反正就是一边宽度固定,一边宽度自适应。

这种布局比较常见,博客园很多默认主题就是这种。一般情况下,这种布局中宽度固定的区域是侧边栏,而自适应的区域是主体内容区??相信把侧边栏搞成自适应的人很少吧?

要实现这种布局,也算比较简单。我们先给出html结构:

<div id="wrap">  <div id="sidebar" style="height:240px;">固定宽度区</div>  <div id="content" style="height:340px;">自适应区</div></div><div id="footer">后面的一个DIV,以确保前面的定位不会导致后面的变形</div>

代码中的#wrap的div,是用来包裹我们要定位的这两个区的;他后面还有个#footer,用来测试在前面的定位搞定后会不会导致后面的div错位??如果错位了,那证明我们的定位方法必须改进。

下面列举几个常见的方法:

1,固定宽度区浮动,自适应区不设宽度而设置 margin

我们拿右边定宽左边自适应来做示范,CSS代码如下:

#wrap {    overflow: hidden; *zoom: 1;  }  #content ,#sidebar {    background-color: #eee;   }  #sidebar {    float: right; width: 300px;  }  #content {    margin-right: 310px;  }  #footer {background-color: #f00;color:#fff; margin-top: 1em}

其中,sidebar让他浮动,并设置了一个宽度;而content没有设置宽度。

大家要注意html中必须使用div标签,不要妄图使用什么p标签来达到目的。因为div有个默认属性,即如果不设置宽度,那他会自动填满他的父标签的宽度。这里的content就是例子。

当然我们不能让他填满了,填满了他就不能和sidebar保持同一行了。我们给他设置一个margin。由于sidebar在右边,所以我们设置content的margin-right值,值比sidebar的宽度大一点点??以便区分他们的范围。例子中是310.

假设content的默认宽度是100%,那么他设置了margin后,他的宽度就变成了100%-310,此时content发现自己的宽度可以与sidebar挤在同一行了,于是他就上来了。

而宽度100%是相对于他的父标签来的,如果我们改变了他父标签的宽度,那content的宽度也就会变??比如我们把浏览器窗口缩小,那wrap的宽度就会变小,而content的宽度也就变小??但,他的实际宽度100%-310始终是不会变的。

这个方法看起来很完美,只要我们记得清除浮动(这里我用了最简单的方法),那footer也不会错位。而且无论content和sidebar谁更长,都不会对布局造成影响.

但实际上这个方法有个很老火的限制??html中sidebar必须在content之前

但我需要sidebar在content之后!因为我的content里面才是网页的主要内容,我不想主要内容反而排在次要内容后面。

但如果sidebar在content之后,那上面的一切都会化为泡影。

2,标准浏览器的方法

当然,以不折腾人为标准的w3c标准早就为我们提供了制作这种自适应宽度的标准方法。那就简单了:把wrap设为display:table并指定宽度100%,然后把content+sidebar设为display:table-cell;然后只给sidebar指定一个宽度,那么content的宽度就变成自适应了。

代码很少,而且不会有额外标签。不过这是IE7都无效的方法。


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