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CSS+JQ实现炫酷导航栏_html/css_WEB-ITnose

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Jun 24, 2016 am 11:27 AM

一步一步的学习,后面再做个综合页面

1.当前页面高亮显示的导航栏

首先是HTML代码,很简单,ul+li实现菜单

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head>    <meta charset="UTF-8">    <title>导航栏一</title></head><body>    <header class="header">        <div class="nva">            <ul class="list">                <li><a href="Android.html">Android</a></li>                <li><a href="C++.html">C++</a></li>                <li><a href="IOS.html">IOS</a></li>                <li><a href="Java.html">Java</a></li>                <li><a href="Ruby.html">Ruby</a></li>            </ul>        </div>    </header><h1 id="首页">首页</h1></body></html>

基本效果:

接下来设置CSS属性,这里要注意标签a是行级元素,所以需要用display转成块级元素,这个很常用,还有就是line-height的常见用法

*{ margin:0; padding: 0;}a{ text-decoration: none;}.nva{ width: 100%; height: 40px; margin-top: 70px; background-color: #222;}.list{ width: 80%; height: 40px; margin: 0 auto; list-style-type: none;}.list li{ float: left;}.list li a{ padding: 0 30px; color: #aaa; line-height: 40px; display: block;}.list li a:hover{ background:#333; color:#fff;}.list li a.on{ background:#333; color:#fff;}h1{ margin: 20px auto; text-align: center;}

实现的效果:

最后就是JS动态添加定位效果了
js里面这样考虑,页面跳转就会有链接,根据链接的后缀来匹配属性,匹配则更改样式即可达到想要的效果
需要注意的就是如何获取URL,如何从URL里面查找出href信息

$(function(){    //当前链接以/分割后最后一个元素索引    var index = window.location.href.split("/").length-1;    //最后一个元素前四个字母,防止后面带参数    var href = window.location.href.split("/")[index].substr(0,4);    if(href.length>0){        //如果匹配开头成功则更改样式        $(".list li a[href^='"+href+"']").addClass("on");        //[attribute^=value]：匹配给定的属性是以某些值开始的元素。    }else {        //默认主页高亮        $(".list li a[href^='index']").addClass("on");    }});

效果图

2.划入自动切换的导航条

在1的基础上,修改一下HTMLa标签内容,然后通过CSS设置动画效果

<ul class="list">                <li><a href="index01.html">                <b>首页</b>                <i>Index</i>                </a></li>                <li><a href="Android.html">                    <b>Android</b>                    <i>安卓</i>                </a></li>                <li><a href="C++.html">                    <b>C++</b>                    <i>谁加加</i>                </a></li>                <li><a href="IOS.html">                    <b>IOS</b>                    <i>苹果</i>                </a></li>                <li><a href="Java.html">                    <b>Java</b>                    <i>爪哇</i>                </a></li>                <li><a href="Ruby.html">                    <b>Ruby</b>                    <i>如八一</i>                </a></li>            </ul>

CSS实现动画效果,首先把b和i标签都设置为块级元素,这样的话就可以垂直分布,再给a设置一个transition,所谓的动画,就是划入后改变把a上移,再给a加个边框好观察,看下图

最后想实现效果,就给包裹菜单的div设置一个溢出隐藏属性即可

*{ margin:0; padding: 0;}a{ text-decoration: none;}.nva{ width: 100%; height: 40px; margin-top: 70px; background-color: #222; overflow: hidden;}.list{ width: 80%; height: 40px; margin: 0 auto; list-style-type: none;}.list li{ float: left;}.list li a{ padding: 0 30px; color: #aaa; line-height: 40px; display: block; transition: 0.3s;}                            .list b,.list i{ display: block; }.list li a:hover{ margin-top: -40px; background:#333; color:#fff;}.list li a.on{ background:#333; color:#fff;}h1{ margin: 20px auto; text-align: center;}

也可以采用JQ来实现,代码如下

$(function () {    $(".list a").hover(function () {        //stop是当执行其他动画的时候停止当前的        $(this).stop().animate({            "margin-top": -40        }, 300);    }, function () {        $(this).stop().animate({            "margin-top": 0        }, 300);    });});

3.弹性子菜单实现

首先子菜单使用div包裹,里面都是a标签,如下

                <li><a href="Android.html">                    <b>Android</b>                </a>                    <div class="down">                        <a href="#">子菜单1</a>                        <a href="#">子菜单2</a>                        <a href="#">子菜单3</a>                        <a href="#">子菜单4</a>                    </div>                </li>

接下来设置样式,既然是子菜单,就要脱离文档页面,所以使用absolute属性,使用这个属性那么父容器就要是relative

*{ margin:0; padding: 0;}a{ text-decoration: none;}.nva{ width: 100%; height: 40px; margin-top: 70px; background-color: #222; position: relative;}.list{ width: 80%; height: 40px; margin: 0 auto; list-style-type: none;}.list li{ float: left;}.list li a{ padding: 0 30px; color: #aaa; line-height: 40px; display: block; transition: 0.3s;}.list b{ display: block;}.list li a:hover{ background:#333; color:#fff;}.list li a.on{ background:#333; color:#fff;}.list .down{ position: absolute; top: 40px; background-color: #222; /*display: none;*/}.list .down a{ color: #aaa; padding-left: 30px; display: block;}h1{ margin: 20px auto; text-align: center;}

如下效果:

接下来使用JQ和easing插件来控制动画
find方法一般用来查找操作元素的后代元素的

$(function () {    $(".list li").hover(function () {        //这里使用了easing插件        $(this).find(".down").stop().slideDown({duration:1000,easing:"easeOutBounce"});    }, function () {        $(this).find(".down").stop().slideUp({duration:1000,easing:"easeOutBounce"});    });});

效果,图片录制不太好,实际上都是弹性动画的

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