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HomeWeb Front-endHTML Tutorial深入理解CSS中的空白符和换行_html/css_WEB-ITnose

× 目录 [1]white-space [2]word-wrap [3]word-break

前面的话

  CSS3新增了两个换行属性word-wrap和word-break。把空白符和换行放在一起说,是因为实际上空白符是包括换行的,且常用的文本不换行是使用的空白符的属性white-space: nowrap;但到底它们还有些什么属性值,以及有什么对应的用法。本文将就空白符和换行的内容做详细介绍和梳理

 

空白符

定义

  空白符是指空格、制表符和回车;HTML默认已经把所有空白符合并成一个空格。

white-space

  值: normal | nowrap | pre | pre-wrap | pre-line | inherit

  初始值: normal

  应用于: 所有元素

  继承性: 有

normal: 合并空白符,允许自动换行nowrap: 合并空白符,不允许自动换行pre-line: 合并空白符(不包括换行符),允许自动换行pre: 不合并空白符,不允许自动换行pre-wrap: 不合并空白符,允许自动换行 

  [注意]

元素默认带有样式white-space: pre;    <p>  [注意]IE7-浏览器不支持pre-line和pre-wrap这两个属性值</p>    <p class="sycode">         <pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><div>They can stay 72-hours     within the Shandong      province after they have entered China via the Qingdao International Airport.</div>

 

文本换行

  浏览器自身带有文本自动换行的功能,文本容器的右侧可以实现自动换行

  对于英文来说,浏览器会在半角空格或连字符的地方自动换行,而不会在单词的中间突然换行

  对于中文来说,可以在任何一个文字后面换行,但浏览器碰到标点符号时,通常将标点符号以及其前一个文字作为一个整体进行换行

  所以实际上,white-space解决不了长单词或UTL地址的换行问题

word-wrap

  word-wrap属性用来实现长单词或URL地址的自动换行

  值: normal | break-word

  初始值: normal

  应用于: 所有元素

  继承性: 有

word-wrap:normal(浏览器只在半角空格或连字符的地方进行换行)word-wrap:break-word(截断单词换行,长单词从下一行开始)

  [注意]当white-space的值是nowrap或pre时,word-break和word-wrap属性都失效

  [注意]word-wrap在标准中被改为overflow-wrap,但由于兼容问题,一般还是使用word-wrap

word-break

  CSS3使用word-break属性来决定自动换行的处理方法。通过具体的属性设置,不仅可以让浏览器实现半角空格或连字符后面的换行,而且还可以让浏览器实现任意位置的换行。

  值: normal | break-all | keep-all

  初始值: normal

  应用于: 所有元素

  继承性: 有

normal: 中文到边界上的汉字换行,英文从整个单词换行break-all: 对于英文长单词来说,会截断单词换行,长单词占据当前行剩余空间。但对于中文的处理,各浏览器不一致    [1]firefox及safari: 中文到边界上的汉字换行,且允许标点置于段首    [2]IE及chrome: 中文到边界上的汉字换行,但不允许标点置于段首keep-all: 对于英文长文本不能换行,但对于中文的处理,各浏览器不一致    [1]firefox: 在空白符处换行    [2]IE及chrome: 在空白符及标点处换行    [3]safari: 不支持

  [注意]移动端目前基本都不支持keep-all值  

  [注意]当word-break值为break-all时,word-wrap属性失效;否则两个属性都起作用

 

表格

  对于表单元格的长文本来说,使用word-wrap或word-break来强制换行需要设置table-layout:fixed

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