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HomeWeb Front-endHTML Tutorial选择器优先级别_html/css_WEB-ITnose

单纯的CSS文件

当我们创建一个CSS文档时,经常遇到样式定义冲突的情况,这时遵从以下规则。

  • 当一个HTML元素被定义多重CSS样式时,只有最后一个是可见的。如:

    p {color: red}p {color: blue}/* 效果为蓝色 */
  • 当CSS样式定义在DOM元素的父级节点时,所有的自己元素都会继承该样式。

  • 同一元素存在不同的选择方式时,根据权重进行计算:

    • ID属性=100
    • class属性=10
    • HTML标签=1
  • 使用 !important 标记,可以把选择器优先级提高到最前。

<body><p id="target" class="target">Hello World</p></body><style>   p#target {color: black !important}   p#target {color: red}   p.target {color: blue}   p {color: tomato}   /* Black color is applied */</style>

在HTML文件中使用CSS

有多种方法可以把CSS文件导入到HTML中,通常在HTML中出现位置的顺序为:

  1. 在部分通过导入外部样式
  2. 在部分直接写入
  3. 在CSS部分通过 @import 导入外部样式
  4. 直接定义在HTML标签中的style属性

然而,优先级的顺序确是:

  1. 直接定义在HTML标签中的style属性
  2. 在部分直接写入的
  3. 在CSS部分通过 @import 导入的外部样式
  4. 在部分通过导入的外部样式

在以下代码片段中四种导入CSS的方法都使用了,最终呈现出的效果,是级别最高的p标签中的style定义。除非,有 !important 在其他定义方式中出现。

<!DOCTYPE html><html>   <head>      /* Link in head */      <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css"/>      /* Style tag in head */      <style>         p {color: tomato}      </style>      /* @import in CSS area */      <style>         @import url("css/style.css");      </style>   </head>   <body>      /* Style attribute in HTML element */      <p style="color: red">Hello World</p>   </body></html>
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