× 目录 [1]text-align [2]margin [3]absolute [4]flex
前面的话
水平居中是经常遇到的问题。看似方法较多,条条大路通罗马。但系统梳理下,其实都围绕着几个思路展开。本文将介绍关于水平居中的4种思路
思路一:在父元素中设置text-align:center实现行内元素水平居中
将子元素的display设置为inline-block,使子元素变成行内元素
[注意]若要兼容IE7-浏览器,可使用display:inline;zoom:1;来达到inline-block的效果
<style>.parent{text-align: center;} .child{display: inline-block;}</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: gray;"> <div class="child" style="background-color: lightblue;">DEMO</div></div>
思路二:在本身元素设置margin: 0 auto实现块级元素水平居中
【1】将子元素的display为table,使子元素成为块级元素,同时table还具有包裹性,宽度由内容撑开
[注意]若要兼容IE7-浏览器,可把child的结构换成
<style>.child{ display: table; margin: 0 auto;}</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: gray;"> <div class="child" style="background-color: lightblue;">DEMO</div></div>
【2】若子元素定宽,则可以使用绝对定位的盒模型属性,实现居中效果;若不设置宽度时,子元素被拉伸
<style>.parent{ position: relative;}.child{ position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; margin: 0 auto; width: 50px;}</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: gray;height: 20px;"> <div class="child" style="background-color: lightblue;">DEMO</div> </div>
思路三: 通过绝对定位的偏移属性实现水平居中
【1】配合translate()位移函数
translate函数的百分比是相对于自身宽度的,所以left:50%配合translateX(-50%)可实现居中效果
[注意]IE9-浏览器不支持
<style>.parent{ position: relative;}.child{ position: absolute; left: 50%; transform:translateX(-50%);}</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: gray;height: 20px;"> <div class="child" style="background-color: lightblue;">DEMO</div></div>
【2】配合relative
relative的偏移属性是相对于自身的,因为子元素已经被设置为absolute,所以若使用relative,则需要增加一层
[注意]该方法全兼容,但是增加了html结构
<style>.parent{ position: relative;}.childWrap{ position: absolute; left: 50%;}.child{ position: relative; left: -50%;}</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: gray;height: 20px;"> <div class="childWrap"> <div class="child" style="background-color: lightblue;">DEMO</div> </div> </div>
【3】配合负margin
margin的百分比是相对于包含块的,所以需要增加一层
[注意]虽然全兼容,但需要增加页面结构及定宽处理,所以限制了应用场景
<style>.parent{ position: relative;}.childWrap{ position: absolute; left: 50%;}.child{ width:50px; margin-left:-50%;}</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: gray;height: 20px;"> <div class="childWrap"> <div class="child" style="background-color: lightblue;">DEMO</div> </div> </div>
思路四: 使用弹性盒模型flex实现水平居中
[注意]IE9-浏览器不支持
【1】在伸缩容器上设置主轴对齐方式jusify-content:center
<style>.parent{ display: flex; justify-content: center;}</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: gray;"> <div class="child" style="background-color: lightblue;">DEMO</div> </div>
【2】在伸缩项目上设置margin: 0 auto
<style>.parent{display: flex;}.child{margin: 0 auto;}</style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: gray;"> <div class="child" style="background-color: lightblue;">DEMO</div> </div>

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