1、用css建立表单
本篇资料主要介绍使用css设置表单元素的方法。
表单是网页与用户交互所不可缺少的元素，表单是网页的访问者进行交互的接口，例如大家都常遇到的：网上注册、网上登录、网上交易、网上投票、网站留言板等。
表单用于向服务器传输数据。
表单中的元素很多，包括常用的输入框、文本框、单选项、复选框、下拉菜单、和按钮等。
html部分：
Form：定义表单的范围。
Input：定义表单中的各个具体表单元素。
name：名称，设定此一栏的名称，程式中常会用到。
size：数值，设定此一栏位显现的宽度。
value：预设内容，设定此一栏位的预设内容。
align：对齐方式，设定此一栏位的对齐方式。
maxkength：数值，设定此一栏位可设定输入的最大长度。
文本输入框：
将type属性设置为text，就会产生文本框。
<p> 姓名：<input type="text"></p>
密码输入框：
将type属性设置为password时，就会产生一个密码输入框。
<p>密码： <input type="password"> </p> <p>确认密码： <input type="password"> </p>
单选按钮：
将type属性设置为radio，就会产生单选按钮。
《单选按钮》<p>性别： <input type="radio" name="gender" value="radio"checked="true">男 <input type="radio" name="gender" value="radio">女 </p>
复选按钮：
将type属性设置为checkbox时，就会产生复选按钮。
《复选按钮》<p>专业： <input type="checkbox" name="interest">美术类 <input type="checkbox" name="interest">理科类 <input type="checkbox" name="interest">文科类 <input type="checkbox" name="interest">体育类 </p>
按钮：
将type属性设置为submit时，即为“提交按钮”；将type设置为reset时，即为重置按钮。
《提交按钮》<p> <input type="submit" value="注册提交"> <input type="reset" value="重置内容"> </p>
上面介绍的都是使用标记的，关键在于type属性的值是什么！
多行文本框：
若需要访问者输入较多的文字的话，通常使用多行文本框，使用
《多行文本框》 <p> <textarea name="textarea" id="textarea" cols="45" rows="5"></textarea> </p>
下拉列表框（下拉的菜单）
下拉列表框是使用
《下拉列表框》 <p>城市地址： <select name="select" size="4" id="select"> <option value="1">中国北部地区</option> <option value="2">中国南部地区</option> <option value="3">中国东部地区</option> <option value="4">中国西部地区</option> </select> </p>
至此，简单的案例就全部完成了。为了方便读者分析，将上面的代码全部合起来，进行看效果图。
简单的案列：
恋爱交友网
效果图：
css部分：
1、先来看一份“简单案例2”：
<!DOCTYPE html><head><title>表单</title><style><!--form{ /*设置整个表单样式*/ border: 2px dotted #AAAAAA; padding: 1px 6px 1px 6px; margin:0px; font:14px Arial;}input{ /* 所有input标记 */ color: #00008B; }input.txt{ /* 文本框单独设置 */ border: 1px inset #00008B; background-color: #ADD8E6;}input.btn{ /* 按钮单独设置 */ color: #00008B; background-color: #ADD8E6; border: 1px outset #00008B; padding: 1px 2px 1px 2px;}select{ /*设置下拉列表框*/ width: 80px; color: #00008B; background-color: #ADD8E6; border: 1px solid #00008B;}textarea{ /*设置多行文本框*/ width: 200px; height: 40px; color: #00008B; background-color: #ADD8E6; border: 1px inset #00008B;}--></style> </head><body><form method="post"><p>请输入您的姓名:<br><input type="text" name="name" id="name" class="txt"></p><p>请选择你最喜欢的颜色:<br><select name="color" id="color"> <option value="red">红</option> <option value="green">绿</option> <option value="blue">蓝</option> <option value="yellow">黄</option> <option value="cyan">青</option> <option value="purple">紫</option></select><br /></p><p>请问你的性别:<br> <input type="radio" name="sex" id="male" value="male" class="rad">男<br> <input type="radio" name="sex" id="female" value="female" class="rad">女<br /></p><p>你喜欢做些什么:<br> <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" id="book" value="book" class="check">看书 <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" id="net" value="net" class="check">上网 <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" id="sleep" value="sleep" class="check">睡觉<br /></p><p>我要留言:<br><textarea name="comments" id="comments" cols="30" rows="4" class="txtarea"></textarea></p><p><input type="submit" name="btnSubmit" id="btnSubmit" value="提交" class="btn"></p></form></body></html> 1、首先body部分十分简单，就一个简单的表单结构；
2、设置整个表单的样式，给表单加一个边框，设置一下内边距和外边距，再设置表单里用14像素的Arial字体；
3、给所有的输入框中的字添加同一种颜色；
4、给带有“txt”类别的标记单独设置 1像素的深蓝色内陷边框，给背景上个浅天蓝色；
5、给带有“btn”类别的标记单独设置字体颜色为“深蓝色”、背景色为“浅天蓝色”、添加1像素的深蓝色外凸边框、内边距；
6、给下拉菜单设置宽度，里面的字体设置为“深蓝色”，背景色为“浅天蓝色”，添加1像素的深蓝色实线边框；
7、给多行文本框设置宽度、高度，里面的字体设置为“深蓝色”，背景色为“浅天蓝色”，添加1像素的深蓝色实线边框；
效果图：
2、对齐文本框和旁边的图像按钮
一个文本框旁边一个按钮是很经常用到的网页内容，比如搜索框等等，而如果旁边的按钮使用图像的话，他们竖直方向就很不容易对齐，即使使用 vertical-align、padding和margin等都不行（特别是在IE中，Firefox中使用vertical-align还可以）。
“简单案例3”：
<!doctype html><html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="Generator" content="EditPlus®"> <title>搜索框</title> </head> <body> <form> <input type="text" name="foo" value="Test Field"/> <input type="image" src="按钮.png" /> </form> </body></html>
效果图：
上图中完全不对称，解决方案非常简单，只要给图片来个绝对定位，上述代码修改为：
<!doctype html><html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="Generator" content="EditPlus®"> <title>搜索框</title> </head> <body> <form> <input type="text" name="foo" value="Test Field"/> <input type="image" src="搜索框.png" style="position:absolute"/> </form> </body></html>
效果图：
IE浏览器 Firefox浏览器
到这里，在竖直方向经对齐得很好了，水平方向上；在Firefox和IE中，还略有区别，在Firefox中二者紧靠在一起，在IE中，二者之间有一点点间隔。
本篇学习资料主要介绍表单的制作，以及使用css设置表单元素的方法。
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