1. __construct()和__destruct()
在实例被 创建/销毁 的时候被调用,都可以传递0个或多个参数。
class A { function A() { echo "build A"; } function __destruct() { echo "destroy A"; } } $obj = new A(); //unset($obj);
Note:The destructor method will be called as soon as there are no other references to a particular object, or in any order during the shutdown sequence.
关于构造函数,PHP5.3.3开始,一个定义在某个特定的命名空间里的class中以类名命名的方法将不再被认为是构造函数。在无命名空间的类中与原来一样依旧是构造函数。如:
namespace Foo;class Bar { public function Bar() { // treated as constructor in PHP 5.3.0-5.3.2 // treated as regular method as of PHP 5.3.3 }}
如果没有namespace Foo; 那么Bar()还将被当作构造函数。另外,如果存在下面的情况:
function __construct() { echo "construct A"; } function A() { echo "build A"; } function __destruct() { echo "destroy A"; } }
即既包含__construct()又包含与类名同名的函数,那么将只调用__construct()。
2. __call()和__callStatic()
当尝试调用一个不存在的方法时调用该方法。两个参数,一个是方法名,一个是被调用方法的参数数组。
class MethodTest{ public function __call($name, $arguments) { // Note: value of $name is case sensitive. echo "Calling object method '$name' " . implode(' ', $arguments). "<br>"; } public static function __callStatic($name, $arguments) { // Note: value of $name is case sensitive. echo "Calling static method '$name' " . implode(' ', $arguments). "<br>"; }}$obj = new MethodTest;$obj->runTest('in','object','context');MethodTest::runTest('in','static','context');
其中,$arguments作为一个array传入。运行结果:
Calling object method 'runTest' in object contextCalling static method 'runTest' in static context
还要注意函数的作用域protected和private:
class TestMagicCallMethod { public function foo() { echo __METHOD__.PHP_EOL."<br>"; } public function __call($method, $args) { echo __METHOD__.PHP_EOL."<br>"; if(method_exists($this, $method)) { $this->$method(); } } protected function bar() { echo __METHOD__.PHP_EOL."<br>"; } private function baz() { echo __METHOD__.PHP_EOL."<br>"; }}$test = new TestMagicCallMethod();$test->foo();/** * Outputs: * TestMagicCallMethod::foo */$test->bar();/** * Outputs: * TestMagicCallMethod::__call * TestMagicCallMethod::bar */$test->baz();/** * Outputs: * TestMagicCallMethod::__call * TestMagicCallMethod::baz */
3.__get()和__set()
当试图读取一个对象并不存在的属性的时候被调用。
Note:我们可以用这个函数实现类似java中反射的各种操作。
class Test{ public function __get($key) { echo $key . " not exists"; } public function __set($key,$value) { echo $key . " = ".$value; }}$t = new Test();echo $t->name."<br>";$t->name = "abc";输出:name not existsname = abc
4. __toString()
这个方法类似于java的toString()方法,当我们直接打印对象的时候回调用这个函数,函数必须返回一个string。
class Test{ private $name = "abc"; private $age = 12; public function __toString() { return "name : $this->name, age : $this->age"; }}$t = new Test();echo $t;输出:name : abc, age : 12
还有__isset(), __unset(), __sleep(), __wakeup(), __toString(), __invoke(), __set_state() and __clone()就不一一赘述。

What’s still popular is the ease of use, flexibility and a strong ecosystem. 1) Ease of use and simple syntax make it the first choice for beginners. 2) Closely integrated with web development, excellent interaction with HTTP requests and database. 3) The huge ecosystem provides a wealth of tools and libraries. 4) Active community and open source nature adapts them to new needs and technology trends.

PHP and Python are both high-level programming languages that are widely used in web development, data processing and automation tasks. 1.PHP is often used to build dynamic websites and content management systems, while Python is often used to build web frameworks and data science. 2.PHP uses echo to output content, Python uses print. 3. Both support object-oriented programming, but the syntax and keywords are different. 4. PHP supports weak type conversion, while Python is more stringent. 5. PHP performance optimization includes using OPcache and asynchronous programming, while Python uses cProfile and asynchronous programming.

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

PHP remains important in the modernization process because it supports a large number of websites and applications and adapts to development needs through frameworks. 1.PHP7 improves performance and introduces new features. 2. Modern frameworks such as Laravel, Symfony and CodeIgniter simplify development and improve code quality. 3. Performance optimization and best practices further improve application efficiency.

PHPhassignificantlyimpactedwebdevelopmentandextendsbeyondit.1)ItpowersmajorplatformslikeWordPressandexcelsindatabaseinteractions.2)PHP'sadaptabilityallowsittoscaleforlargeapplicationsusingframeworkslikeLaravel.3)Beyondweb,PHPisusedincommand-linescrip

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values and handle functions that may return null values.


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