模板引擎作为视图层和模型曾分离的一种解决方案。
首先我们新建一个Template.class.php 的文件
<?phpclass Template{ private $arrayConfig = array( 'suffix' => '.m', //设置模板文件 'templateDir' => 'template/', //设置模板所在的文件夹 'compileDir' => 'cache', 'debug' => false, //设置编译后存放的目录 'cache_htm' => true, //是否需要编译成静态的html文件 'suffix_cache'=> '.htm', //编译后的文件后缀 'cache_time' =>2000, // 多长时间自动更新 'php_turn' =>false, //是否支持原生的php代码 'cache_control' => 'control.dat', ); private $compileTool; //编译器 public $filename; //模板文件名称 private $value =array(); //值栈 static private $instance = null; public $debug = array(); //调试信息 public function __construct($arrayConfig =array()){ //返回当前UNIX时间戳和微妙数 $this->debug['begin'] = microtime(true); $this->arrayConfig =$arrayConfig+$this->arrayConfig; $this->getPath(); if(!is_dir($this->arrayConfig['templateDir'])){ exit("template isnt not found"); } if(!is_dir($this->arrayConfig['compileDir'])){ mkdir($this->arrayConfig['compileDir'],0770,true); } include("Compile.class.php"); //$this->compileTool = new Compile; } /** 路径处理为绝对路径 */ public function getPath(){ $this->arrayConfig['templateDir'] = strtr(realpath($this->arrayConfig['templateDir']),'\\','/').'/'; $this->arrayConfig['compileDir'] = strtr(realpath($this->arrayConfig['compileDir']),'\\','/').'/'; } /*** 单例模式获取模板的实例 **/ public static function getInstance(){ if(is_null(self::$instance)){ self::$instance = new Template(); } return self::$instance; } public function setConfig($key,$value = null){ if(is_array($key)){ $this->arrayConfig = $key+$this->arrayConfig; }else{ $this->arrayConfig[$key] = $value; } } public function getConfig($key = null){ if($key){ return $this->arrayConfig[$key]; }else{ return $this->arrayConfig; } } /** 注入单个变量 **/ public function assign($key,$value){ $this->value[$key] = $value; } /** 注入多个变量 **/ public function assignArray($array){ if(is_array($array)){ foreach($array as $k => $v){ $this->value[$k] = $v; } } } /*** 获取模板文件的路径 **/ public function path(){ return $this->arrayConfig['templateDir'].$this->filename.$this->arrayConfig['suffix']; } /*** 是否需要缓存 **/ public function needCache(){ return $this->arrayConfig['cache_htm']; } /*** 是否需要重新生成缓存文件 **/ public function reCache($file){ $flag = false; //生成缓存文件 $cacheFile = $this->arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5(@$filename).'.'.'php'; //var_dump($cacheFile); if($this->arrayConfig['cache_htm']===true){ //设置timeflag (判断当前时间-模板文件上次修改的时间)是否小于设置的缓存时间 //如果小于则返回TRUE $timeFlag = (time()-@filemtime($cacheFile))<$this->arrayConfig['cache_time']? true:false; //1,判断缓存文件是否存在, //2,缓存文件是否有内容 //3,时间是否在设置的缓存时间之内 if(!is_file($cacheFile)&&filesize($cacheFile)>1&&$timeFlag){ $flag = true; }else{ $flag = false; } } return $flag; } /*** 显示模板 **/ public function show($file){ $this->filename =$file; if(!is_file($this->path())){ exit('找不到相对应的模板'); } $compileFile = $this->arrayConfig['compileDir'].'/'.md5(@$filename).'.php'; $cacheFile = $this->arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5(@$filename).'.htm'; // echo $compileFile; //echo $cacheFile; if($this->reCache($file)===false){ $this->debug['cached'] = 'false'; // var_dump($compileFile); $this->compileTool = new Compile($this->path(),$compileFile,$this->arrayConfig); if($this->needCache()){ //是否需要缓存 ob_start(); } //函数从数组中把变量导入到当前的符号表中 extract($this->value,EXTR_OVERWRITE); //判断 文件是否存在,生成文件的修改时间是否小于模板文件修改时间 if(@is_file($compileFile)||filemtime($compileFile)<filemtime($this->path())){ $this->compileTool->vars = $this->value; $this->compileTool->compile(); //引入文件 include $compileFile; }else{ include $compileFile; } if($this->needCache()){ //如果需要缓存的话 $message = ob_get_contents(); //则生成缓存文件 file_put_contents($cacheFile,$message); } }else{ //如果缓存文件时间小于设定的时间 //直接读取缓存文件 readfile($cacheFile); //$this->debug['cached'] = true; } $this->debug['spend'] = microtime(true) - $this->debug['begin']; $this->debug['count'] = count($this->value); $this->debug_info(); /* var_dump($compileFile);this var_dump($this->path()); if(!is_file($compileFile)){ mkdir($this->arrayConfig['compileDir']); // 此处若存在需要判断 $this->compileTool->compile($this->path(),$compileFile); readfile($compileFile); }else{ readfile($compileFile); } */ } /*** debug 调试函数 **/ public function debug_info(){ //$this->arrayConfig['debug']=false; if($this->arrayConfig['debug']===true){ var_dump($this); echo "程序运行日期",date("Y-m-d h:i:s")."</br>"; echo "模板解析耗时",$this->debug['spend'],'秒'."</br>"; echo "模板包含标签数目",$this->debug['count']."</br>"; echo "是否使用静态缓存",$this->debug['cached']."</br>"; //echo "模板引擎实例参数",var_dump($this->getConfig()); } } /****** 清楚缓存的文件 *****/ public function clean($path = null){ if($path = null){ $path = $this->arrayConfig['CompileDir']; $path = glob($path.'*'.$this->arrayConfig['suffix_cache']); //glob 函数返回匹配指定的文件夹目录 }else{ $path = $this->arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5($path).'.htm'; foreach((array)$path as $v){ //删除 unlink($v); } } } }
新建一个 Compile.class.php 翻译模板文件
<?php class Compile{ private $template; //待编译的文件 private $content; //需要替换的文本 private $comfile; //编译后的 文件 private $left = '{'; private $right = '}'; private $value =array(); // 值栈 private $phpTurn; private $T_P = array(); private $T_R = array(); public function __construct($template,$compileFile,$config){ //echo $template; //echo $compileFile; $this->template = $template; $this->comfile = $compileFile; $this->content = file_get_contents($template); if($config['php_turn']===false){ //echo "123"; //$this->T_R[]=""; } //echo "123"; //正则匹配 {$xxx} 格式 $this->T_P[]="#\{\\$([a-zA-Z_\x7f-\xff][a-zA-Z0-9_\x7f-\xff]*)\}#"; $this->T_R[]="<?php echo \$this->value['\\1'];?>"; } public function compile(){ $this->c_var2(); //$this->c_staticFile(); //var_dump($this); file_put_contents($this->comfile,$this->content); } public function c_var2(){ // 将{$xxx} 替换为<?php echo $xxx?> $this->content = preg_replace($this->T_P,$this->T_R,$this->content); } public function c_staticFile(){ $this->content =preg_replace('#\{\!(.*?)\!\}#','<script src =\\1'.'?t='.time().'></script>',$this->content); } public function __set($name,$value){ $this->$name = $value; } public function __get($name){ return $this->$name; } }
新建一个测试文件 test.php
<?phpinclude "Template.class.php";$tpl = Template::getInstance();//$tpl = new Template(array('php_turn'=>false,'debug'=>false));$tpl->assign('data','hello world');$tpl->show('member');//var_dump($tpl->getConfig());
模板文件member.m
<html><head></head><body><h1 id="welcome">welcome</h1></body>{$data}</html>
显示截图
借鉴 php核心技术与最佳实践

In PHP, you can use session_status() or session_id() to check whether the session has started. 1) Use the session_status() function. If PHP_SESSION_ACTIVE is returned, the session has been started. 2) Use the session_id() function, if a non-empty string is returned, the session has been started. Both methods can effectively check the session state, and choosing which method to use depends on the PHP version and personal preferences.

Sessionsarevitalinwebapplications,especiallyfore-commerceplatforms.Theymaintainuserdataacrossrequests,crucialforshoppingcarts,authentication,andpersonalization.InFlask,sessionscanbeimplementedusingsimplecodetomanageuserloginsanddatapersistence.

Managing concurrent session access in PHP can be done by the following methods: 1. Use the database to store session data, 2. Use Redis or Memcached, 3. Implement a session locking strategy. These methods help ensure data consistency and improve concurrency performance.

PHPsessionshaveseverallimitations:1)Storageconstraintscanleadtoperformanceissues;2)Securityvulnerabilitieslikesessionfixationattacksexist;3)Scalabilityischallengingduetoserver-specificstorage;4)Sessionexpirationmanagementcanbeproblematic;5)Datapersis

Load balancing affects session management, but can be resolved with session replication, session stickiness, and centralized session storage. 1. Session Replication Copy session data between servers. 2. Session stickiness directs user requests to the same server. 3. Centralized session storage uses independent servers such as Redis to store session data to ensure data sharing.

Sessionlockingisatechniqueusedtoensureauser'ssessionremainsexclusivetooneuseratatime.Itiscrucialforpreventingdatacorruptionandsecuritybreachesinmulti-userapplications.Sessionlockingisimplementedusingserver-sidelockingmechanisms,suchasReentrantLockinJ

Alternatives to PHP sessions include Cookies, Token-based Authentication, Database-based Sessions, and Redis/Memcached. 1.Cookies manage sessions by storing data on the client, which is simple but low in security. 2.Token-based Authentication uses tokens to verify users, which is highly secure but requires additional logic. 3.Database-basedSessions stores data in the database, which has good scalability but may affect performance. 4. Redis/Memcached uses distributed cache to improve performance and scalability, but requires additional matching

Sessionhijacking refers to an attacker impersonating a user by obtaining the user's sessionID. Prevention methods include: 1) encrypting communication using HTTPS; 2) verifying the source of the sessionID; 3) using a secure sessionID generation algorithm; 4) regularly updating the sessionID.


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