search

switch 语句和具有同样表达式的一系列的 IF 语句相似。很多场合下需要把同一个变量(或表达式)与很多不同的值比较,并根据它等于哪个值来执行不同的代码。这正是 switch 语句的用途。

下面两个例子使用两种不同方法实现同样的事,一个用一系列的 if 语句,另一个用 switch 语句:

Example #1 switch 结构

<?phpif ($i == 0) {    echo "i equals 0";} elseif ($i == 1) {    echo "i equals 1";} elseif ($i == 2) {    echo "i equals 2";}switch ($i) {    case 0:        echo "i equals 0";        break;    case 1:        echo "i equals 1";        break;    case 2:        echo "i equals 2";        break;}?>
Example #2 switch 结构可以用字符串
<?phpswitch ($i) {case "apple":    echo "i is apple";    break;case "bar":    echo "i is bar";    break;case "cake":    echo "i is cake";    break;}?>

为避免错误,理解 switch 是怎样执行的非常重要。switch 语句一行接一行地执行(实际上是语句接语句)。开始时没有代码被执行。仅当一个 case 语句中的值和 switch 表达式的值匹配时 PHP 才开始执行语句,直到 switch 的程序段结束或者遇到第一个 break 语句为止。如果不在 case 的语句段最后写上 break 的话,PHP 将继续执行下一个 case 中的语句段。例如: 

<?phpswitch ($i) {    case 0:        echo "i equals 0";    case 1:        echo "i equals 1";    case 2:        echo "i equals 2";}?>

这里如果$i等于 0,PHP 将执行所有的 print 语句!如果$i等于 1,PHP 将执行后面两条 print 语句。只有当$i等于 2 时,才会得到“预期”的结果——只显示“i equals 2”。所以,别忘了 break 语句就很重要(即使在某些情况下故意想避免提供它们时)。

在 switch 语句中条件只求值一次并用来和每个 case 语句比较。在 elseif 语句中条件会再次求值。如果条件比一个简单的比较要复杂得多或者在一个很多次的循环中,那么用 switch 语句可能会快一些。

在一个 case 中的语句也可以为空,这样只不过将控制转移到了下一个 case 中的语句。

<?phpswitch ($i) {    case 0:    case 1:    case 2:        echo "i is less than 3 but not negative";        break;    case 3:        echo "i is 3";}?>

一个 case 的特例是 default。它匹配了任何和其它 case 都不匹配的情况。例如: 

<?phpswitch ($i) {    case 0:        echo "i equals 0";        break;    case 1:        echo "i equals 1";        break;    case 2:        echo "i equals 2";        break;    default:        echo "i is not equal to 0, 1 or 2";}?>

case 表达式可以是任何求值为简单类型的表达式,即整型或浮点数以及字符串。不能用数组或对象,除非它们被解除引用成为简单类型。

switch 支持替代语法的流程控制。

<?phpswitch ($i):    case 0:        echo "i equals 0";        break;    case 1:        echo "i equals 1";        break;    case 2:        echo "i equals 2";        break;    default:        echo "i is not equal to 0, 1 or 2";endswitch;?>

允许使用分号(;)代替case语句后的冒号(:),例如:

<?php    $beer = 'heineken';    switch($beer){        case 'tuborg';        case 'carlsberg';        case 'heineken';            echo 'Good choice';            break;        default;            echo 'Please make a new selection...';            break;    }
Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Working with Flash Session Data in LaravelWorking with Flash Session Data in LaravelMar 12, 2025 pm 05:08 PM

Laravel simplifies handling temporary session data using its intuitive flash methods. This is perfect for displaying brief messages, alerts, or notifications within your application. Data persists only for the subsequent request by default: $request-

cURL in PHP: How to Use the PHP cURL Extension in REST APIscURL in PHP: How to Use the PHP cURL Extension in REST APIsMar 14, 2025 am 11:42 AM

The PHP Client URL (cURL) extension is a powerful tool for developers, enabling seamless interaction with remote servers and REST APIs. By leveraging libcurl, a well-respected multi-protocol file transfer library, PHP cURL facilitates efficient execution of various network protocols, including HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP. This extension offers granular control over HTTP requests, supports multiple concurrent operations, and provides built-in security features.

Simplified HTTP Response Mocking in Laravel TestsSimplified HTTP Response Mocking in Laravel TestsMar 12, 2025 pm 05:09 PM

Laravel provides concise HTTP response simulation syntax, simplifying HTTP interaction testing. This approach significantly reduces code redundancy while making your test simulation more intuitive. The basic implementation provides a variety of response type shortcuts: use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http; Http::fake([ 'google.com' => 'Hello World', 'github.com' => ['foo' => 'bar'], 'forge.laravel.com' =>

12 Best PHP Chat Scripts on CodeCanyon12 Best PHP Chat Scripts on CodeCanyonMar 13, 2025 pm 12:08 PM

Do you want to provide real-time, instant solutions to your customers' most pressing problems? Live chat lets you have real-time conversations with customers and resolve their problems instantly. It allows you to provide faster service to your custom

How to Register and Use Laravel Service ProvidersHow to Register and Use Laravel Service ProvidersMar 07, 2025 am 01:18 AM

Laravel's service container and service providers are fundamental to its architecture. This article explores service containers, details service provider creation, registration, and demonstrates practical usage with examples. We'll begin with an ove

PHP Logging: Best Practices for PHP Log AnalysisPHP Logging: Best Practices for PHP Log AnalysisMar 10, 2025 pm 02:32 PM

PHP logging is essential for monitoring and debugging web applications, as well as capturing critical events, errors, and runtime behavior. It provides valuable insights into system performance, helps identify issues, and supports faster troubleshoot

Explain the concept of late static binding in PHP.Explain the concept of late static binding in PHP.Mar 21, 2025 pm 01:33 PM

Article discusses late static binding (LSB) in PHP, introduced in PHP 5.3, allowing runtime resolution of static method calls for more flexible inheritance.Main issue: LSB vs. traditional polymorphism; LSB's practical applications and potential perfo

Customizing/Extending Frameworks: How to add custom functionality.Customizing/Extending Frameworks: How to add custom functionality.Mar 28, 2025 pm 05:12 PM

The article discusses adding custom functionality to frameworks, focusing on understanding architecture, identifying extension points, and best practices for integration and debugging.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
2 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
2 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

SublimeText3 English version

SublimeText3 English version

Recommended: Win version, supports code prompts!

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

WebStorm Mac version

WebStorm Mac version

Useful JavaScript development tools