UIWebView-iOS中使用模板引擎渲染HTML界面_html/css

Home

Web Front-end

HTML Tutorial

UIWebView-iOS中使用模板引擎渲染HTML界面_html/css_WEB-ITnose

WBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWB

Jun 21, 2016 am 08:59 AM

在iOS实际的开发中，使用UIWebView来加载数据使用的场景特别多。很多时候我们会动态的从服务器获取一段HTML的内容，然后App这边动态的处理这段HTML内容用于展示在UIWebView上。使用到的API接口为：

- (void)loadHTMLString:(NSString *)string baseURL:(NSURL *)baseURL;

传统的方法

由于HTML内容通常是变化的，所以我们需要动态生成HTML代码。通常我们从服务器端获取到标题、时间、作者和对应的内容，然后我们需要对这些数据处理之后拼接成一段HTML字符串。对于传统的做法是将上面的需要替换的内容填写一些占位符，放到指定的文件中如（content.html）,如下所示：

<!DOCTYPE html><html>    <head>        <title>key_title</title>    </head>    <body>        <div>            <div>                <h2 id="key-title">key_title</h2>                <div>key_date key_author</div>                <hr/>            </div>            <div>key_content</div>        </div>    </body></html>

然后在指定的地方使用如下的方式动态生成HTML代码：

- (NSString *)loadHTMLByStringFormat:(NSDictionary *)data{    NSString *templatePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"template" ofType:@"html"];    NSMutableString *html = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:templatePath encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];    [html replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"key_title" withString:data[@"title"] options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, html.length)];    [html replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"key_author" withString:data[@"author"] options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, html.length)];    [html replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"key_date" withString:data[@"date"] options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, html.length)];    [html replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"key_content" withString:data[@"content"] options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, html.length)];    return html;}

生成界面如下

在实际的使用中发现还是存在不少的问题，比如我们需要对数据进行预先处理的时候需要写大量的

- (NSUInteger)replaceOccurrencesOfString:(NSString *)target withString:(NSString *)replacement options:(NSStringCompareOptions)options range:(NSRange)searchRange;

这样的替换，而且对于一些特殊的字符还需要进行特殊处理等，实在不是太友好，这样就需要一个引擎来专门处理这些事情，本文主要介绍MGTemplateEngine和GRMustache的使用。

MGTemplateEngine

MGTemplateEngine是AFNetworking的作者Matt的作品，它是一个比较流行的模板引擎，它的模板语言比较类似于Smarty、FreeMarker和Django。另外它可以支持自定义的Filter（以便实现自定义的渲染逻辑），需要依赖正则表达式的工具类RegexKit。

创建模板

<!DOCTYPE html><html>    <head>        <title>fs_title</title>    </head>    <body>        <div>            <div>                <h2 id="fs-title">fs_title</h2>                <div>fs_date fs_author</div>                <hr/>            </div>            <div>fs_content</div>        </div>    </body></html>

渲染生成HTML字符串

// 第二种MGTemplateEngine    MGTemplateEngine *engine = [MGTemplateEngine templateEngine];    [engine setDelegate:self];    [engine setMatcher:[ICUTemplateMatcher matcherWithTemplateEngine:engine]];    NSString *templatePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"MGTemplateEngineTemplate" ofType:@"html"];    // 第一种赋值方式     [engine setObject:variables[@"title"] forKey:@"title"];     [engine setObject:variables[@"author"] forKey:@"author"];     [engine setObject:variables[@"date"] forKey:@"date"];     [engine setObject:variables[@"content"] forKey:@"content"];    NSString *htmlString = [engine processTemplateInFileAtPath:templatePath withVariables:nil];           // 第二种赋值方式    // Process the template and display the results.//    NSString *htmlString = [engine processTemplateInFileAtPath:templatePath withVariables:variables];           NSLog(@"Processed template:\r%@", htmlString);            [self.webView loadHTMLString:htmlString baseURL:nil];

说明

（1）MGTemplateEngine提供的示例程序是运行在Mac OS上的，如果要使用到iOS上面需要引入Foundation框架,还需要个UIKit （2）对于运行在Xcode6以上的环境下创建的工程由于没有PCH文件可能会报错，需要在MGTemplateEngine的各个头文件中引入Foundation框架（3）MGTemplateEngine在GitHub上的地址为https://github.com/mattgemmell/MGTemplateEngine。

(4) 如果要算出这个webview的高度在div加上

NSString *heightString = [webViewstringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.getElementById(\"container\").offsetHeight;"];

GRMustache

GRMustache使用方法《GRMustache Document》

举个例子

A typical Mustache template:模板

Hello fs_nameYou have just won fs_value dollars!fs_#in_caWell, fs_taxed_value dollars, after taxes.fs_/in_ca

Given the following hash:赋值

{  "name": "Chris",  "value": 10000,  "taxed_value": 10000 - (10000 * 0.4),  "in_ca": true}

Will produce the following:得出的网页

Hello ChrisYou have just won 10000 dollars!Well, 6000.0 dollars, after taxes.

代码：

NSString *template = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"MGTemplateEngineTemplate" ofType:@"html"];// 注意要对路径进行UTF8编码 不然会有问题NSString *templatePath = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:template encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];NSString *htmlString = [GRMustacheTemplate renderObject:variables fromString:templatePath error:nil];[self.webView loadHTMLString:htmlString baseURL:nil];

Statement

The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

What is the purpose of the <datalist> element?Mar 21, 2025 pm 12:33 PM

The article discusses the HTML <datalist> element, which enhances forms by providing autocomplete suggestions, improving user experience and reducing errors.Character count: 159

How do I use HTML5 form validation attributes to validate user input?Mar 17, 2025 pm 12:27 PM

The article discusses using HTML5 form validation attributes like required, pattern, min, max, and length limits to validate user input directly in the browser.

What is the purpose of the <iframe> tag? What are the security considerations when using it?Mar 20, 2025 pm 06:05 PM

The article discusses the <iframe> tag's purpose in embedding external content into webpages, its common uses, security risks, and alternatives like object tags and APIs.

What is the purpose of the <progress> element?Mar 21, 2025 pm 12:34 PM

The article discusses the HTML <progress> element, its purpose, styling, and differences from the <meter> element. The main focus is on using <progress> for task completion and <meter> for stati

What is the purpose of the <meter> element?Mar 21, 2025 pm 12:35 PM

The article discusses the HTML <meter> element, used for displaying scalar or fractional values within a range, and its common applications in web development. It differentiates <meter> from <progress> and ex

What are the best practices for cross-browser compatibility in HTML5?Mar 17, 2025 pm 12:20 PM

Article discusses best practices for ensuring HTML5 cross-browser compatibility, focusing on feature detection, progressive enhancement, and testing methods.

What is the viewport meta tag? Why is it important for responsive design?Mar 20, 2025 pm 05:56 PM

The article discusses the viewport meta tag, essential for responsive web design on mobile devices. It explains how proper use ensures optimal content scaling and user interaction, while misuse can lead to design and accessibility issues.

How do I use the HTML5 <time> element to represent dates and times semantically?Mar 12, 2025 pm 04:05 PM

This article explains the HTML5 <time> element for semantic date/time representation. It emphasizes the importance of the datetime attribute for machine readability (ISO 8601 format) alongside human-readable text, boosting accessibilit

See all articles